Neuro Anatomy 2

Question 1

How many pairs of nerves are there in the spine?

Answer 1

31

Question 2

What level is the caudal equina at?

Answer 2

L2

Question 3

Is there more nerves at the top or the bottom of the spine?

Answer 3

Top due to arms and head

Question 4

What is a nerve plexus?

Answer 4

Group of intersecting nerves

Question 5

What is the difference between grey and white matter?

Answer 5

Grey= Outside of the brain, contains nerves (axons, dendrites etc.)
White = Inside, myelinated

Question 6

What are the posterior nerve roots?

Answer 6

Afferent - sensory nerve root (dorsal horn cells)

Finish in the posterior horn

Question 7

What are the anterior nerve roots?

Answer 7

Efferent - motor (ventral horn)

Finish in the Ventral horn

Question 8

Nerve cells inside the spinal cord are called?

Answer 8

Nuclei

Question 9

Nerve cells outside the spinal cord are called?

Answer 9

Ganglion

Question 10

What do ascending tracts carry?

Answer 10

Sensory neurons

Question 11

What do descending tracts carry?

Answer 11

Motor neurons

Question 12

What is an interneuron?

Answer 12

Transmits from one to another

Inhibitory or excitatory

Question 13

What are the three main spinothalamic pathways?

Answer 13

Lateral and ventral spinothalamic tracts

Corticospinal tract

Question 14

What does the lateral spinothalamic tract do?

Answer 14

Pain and temperature

Question 15

What does the ventral spinothalamic tract do?

Answer 15

Touch and pressure

Question 16

What does the corticospinal pathway do?

Answer 16

Motor cortex to the spine (Finishes in the anterior horn cells)

Question 17

Why do stroke patients struggle with movement?

Answer 17

Some of the neurone in the somatosensory cortex have gone, no descending impulses and therefore no activation of motor fibres

Question 18

Name the 4 major plexuses of the ventral rami

Answer 18

Cervical, brachial, lumbar and sacral

Question 19

What does the GTO do?

Answer 19

Percieve the stretch and contraction of the muscle

Question 20

What do muscle spindles do?

Answer 20

Detect stretch

Question 21

Describe why spasticity happens

Answer 21

No descending impulses to tell the muscles to relax

Question 22

What are a group of muscle fibres innervated by one single motor neurone called?

Answer 22

A motor unit