Neuro 2 Flashcards
What makes up the telencephalon?
cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and basal ganglia
What makes up the diencephalon?
thalamus, hypothalamus, and basal ganglia
What makes up the mesencephalon?
midbrain and basal banglia
What makes up the metencephalon?
pons and cerebellum
what makes up the myelencephalon?
medulla
label lobes of the brain
red= frontal
blue= parietal
yellow= temporal
purple= occipital
green= olfactory
gray= cerebellum, pons, medulla
what is gyri?
mountains of brain grooves
What are sulci?
valleys of brain grooves
Where is the cerebral cortex and what is it function?
In the prosencephalon, telencephalon
(outermost and largest part)
gray and white matter
Function:
processing and integration of sensory stimuli and motor response
Where is the hippocampus and what is it’s function?
prosencephalon, telencephalon
gray matter
Function:
learning and memory
Where is the basal ganglia and what is it’s function?
telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon
gray matter
Function:
voluntary control of movement, procedural learning
Where is the thalamus and what is it’s function?
diencephalon
relay station for input to the cerebral cortex
(2 halves join together at the interthalamic adhesion)
What is the hypothalamus and what is it’s function?
diencephalon
associated with the pituitary gland
Functions: endocrine regulation, appetite, and emotional behavior
Where is the cerebellum and what is it’s function?
metencephalon
white and gray matter (folded gray= folia)
connected to the brainstem by the cerebellar peduncles
Function: maintenance of posture and balance
Where is the pons and what is it’s function?
metencephalon
Function: facial movement, hearing, balance, respiration, and sleep (location for many CN)
Where is the medulla and what is it’s function?
myelencephalon
Function: breathing, blood pressure, and respiration (location for many CN)
What is gray matter made of?
mostly cell bodies and dendrites
(gray hair= cell head and “hair”)
What is white matter made of?
mostly axons
Spinal nerves overview
arise from spinal cord
innervate structures caudal to the head
cell bodies located in dorsal root ganglia or ventral horn
all neurons are mixed (sensory and motor)
dorsal and ventral roots connect with the spinal cord
nerve splits into a dorsal and ventral branch
Where do the dorsal branch of spinal nerves connect to?
the muscles, skin of the back
Where do the ventral branch of spinal nerves connect to?
ventral body wall, limbs, visceral organs
Cell bodies for sensory neurons are in the __________ and connect to the _____ of the spinal cord
dorsal root ganglia, dorsal horn
Each spinal nerve innervate a strip of skin called a _______ (pinch a dog)
dermatone
Cell bodies for motor neurons are in the __________ and connect to the _____ of the spinal cord
ventral root ganglia, ventral horn
(spinal nerve branches combine to innervate specific muscles)
CRANIAL NERVE 1
Olfactory Nerve
Telencephalon
Sensory
(Smell)
CRANIAL NERVE 2
Optic Nerve
Diencephalon
Sensory
(vision)
CRANIAL NERVE 3
Occulomotor
Mesencephalon
Motor
(eye movement)
CRANIAL NERVE 4
Trochlear nerve
Mesencephalon
motor
(eye movement)
CRANIAL NERVE 5
Trigeminal Nerve
Metencephalon
Mixed
(facial sensation, and mastication muscles)
CRANIAL NERVE 6
Abducent Nerve
Myelencephalon
Motor
(eye movement)
CRANIAL NERVE 7
Facial Nerve
Myelencephalon
Mixed
(ear sensation and facial expression)
CRANIAL NERVE 8
Vestibulocochlear
Myelencephalon
Sensory
(hearing and balance)
CRANIAL NERVE 9
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Myelencephalon
Mixed
(throat muscles and sensation)
CRANIAL NERVE 10
Vagus Nerve
Myelencephalon
Mixed
(internal organ muscles and sensation)
CRANIAL NERVE 11
Spinal Accessory Nerve
Myelencephalon
Motor
(movement of head/neck)
CRANIAL NERVE 12
Hypoglossal Nerve
Myelencephalon
Motor
(tongue movement)
Nerve name mnemonic
Old
Operators
Occupy
treacherous
tides
Abbys
favorite
vest
got
very
sticky
however
Nerve function (s,m,b) mnemonics
Some say marry money, but my brother says big brains matter more
