Anatomy 4 Flashcards
muscle on the neck (nuchal area to angle of mouth) in dogs and pigs (name + 2 parts)
Platysma
cutaneus colli
cutaneus faciei
muscle over the frontal bone in man, ruminants and pigs
frontalis
2 muscles on the horse neck and face name and why it is clinically significant
Cutaneus faciei
Cutaneus colli - intravenous injection and withdrawl
Which muscle has clinical significance of panniculus relex in small animals
cutaneus trunci
the ____. ______ is a continuation of cutaneus truci
cutaneus omobrachialis
What muscle is responsible for dogs shaking water off of them
superficial fascia
what muscle is an example of deep fascia
thoracolumbar fascia
the synsarcosis appears in which animals
primates, and climbing animals that have a clavicle
innervation of the brachiocephalicus
accessory nerve (CN X) and cervical spinal nn.
2 parts of the brachiocephalicus
cliedocephalicus and cliedobrachialis
-cliedocephalicus not divided in the horse
action and general attachment of the omotransversarius muscle
wing of the atlas and acromion - flex neck or advance limb
Innervation of omotransversarius
accessory nerve (CN X) and cervical spinal nn.
(same as brachiocephalicus)
Where is the omotransversarius attached on the horse
wing of atlas and fused to the cleidocephalicus (no acromion on horses)
innervation of the trapezius
accessory nerve (CN X)
attachment of the trapezius
dorsal midline and spine of the scapula
elevates and adducts the limb
Innervation of rhomboideus
brachial plexus nerves
attachments of the rhomboideus
under traps, dorsal midline of the neck and medial dorsal border of the scapula
(capital part only in cats and dogs)
innervation of latissimus dorsi
thoracodorsal nerve
action and attachment of latissimus dorsi
broad, from thoracolumbar fascia to major tuberosity on the humerus
innervation of serratus ventralis
ventral cervical spinal nerves to the cervical part
long thoracic nerve to the thoracic part
species variations in the serratus ventralis
none
attachments of serratus ventralis
fan-shaped
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae to the serrated face of the scapula
species variation in the latissimus dorsi
none
innervation of the superficial pectoral
brachial plexus (cranial pectoral nerves)
attachment of the superficial pectoral
sternum to humerus
2 parts (cranial and caudal)
What muscle is very pronounced and a site of intramuscular injection in horses
descending pectoral
(into the middle pectoral groove- looks like boobs lol)
which 2 muscles act as a sling to support the trunk between the forelimbs
deep pectoral and serratus ventralis
What cranial deep pectoral muscle is present only in horses and goats (very small in ox)
Subclavius
what muscles are dorsal to the transverse process of the spine
epaxial
muscles that are ventral to the transverse process of the spine
hypaxial
7 hypaxial muscles
- Longus colli
- Longus capitits
- Psoas minor
- Psoas major
- Quadratus lumborum
- Iliacus
- iliopsoas
(deepest layer of muscles ventral to vertebra - the flexors)
innervation of the longus colli
ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves
why is the longus colli a surgical landmark
makes for a bloodless access point to the intervertebral space
incision site to the IVD
What muscle is this? that forms bilateral columns and is lateral to the longus colli
Longus capitis
innervation of the lumbar hypaxial muscles
ventral branches of T, L, S spinal nerves
What are the 3 muscle systems of epaxial muscles
transversospinalis
longissimus
iliocostalis
Innervation of epaxial muscles
dorsal branches of C,T,L, S spinal nerves
clinical significance of epaxial muscles
site of intramuscular injections in dogs since muscle masses can be easily felt , difficult for draining abscessation
where is the iliocostalis system
ilium to ribs
which epaxial muscle system is the longest and strongest? and what is it attaches to
longissimus
ilium and wing of atlas (5 parts )
2 muscles of the transversospinalis system
multifidus and semisoinalis capitis
innervation of the splenius
cervical nerves
attachments of the splenius muscle
dorsal spinous process of T1 and nuchal crest/mastoid process of the skull
innervation of the sternocephalicus
accessory nerve (CN X) and ventral brr. cervical spinal nn
attachments of the sternocephalicus
manubrium and skull
Species variation in sternocephalicus
horse= 1
dog and ox = cranial splits into 2 but they look different
2 strap muscles of the neck
sternohyoideus and sternothyroideus
innervation of the strap muscles of the neck
ventral brr cervical spinal nerves
thyroid gland species differentiation
isthmus present in dogs, but not in cats
in the pig the 2 lobes are fused
the trachea is covered ventrally by which muscle
sternohyoideus
nerves of the neck
accessory nerve (CN X)
ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves
vagosympathetic trunk
roots of phrenic nerve
