Neuro Flashcards
What are examples of motor neurone disease?
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), progressive muscular atrophy and bulbar palsy
What are symptoms of conduction aphasia?
speech fluent, but repetition poor. Comprehension is relatively intact
How long does a cluster headache last?
15 min - 2h
What are symptoms of wernicke’s aphasia?
speech fluent but makes no sense (word salad), but repetition poor. Comprehension is NOT intact
What is first line treatment for Wernicke’s encephalopathy?
IV Pabrinex (Vitamin B + C)
What are lumbar puncture findings for GBS?
Isolated raise in protein
What dementia is associated with motor neurone disease?
Frontotemporal dementia
What gorup of drugs increase the risk of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
tetracyclines
What is first line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?
Carbamazepine
Is and acute subdural haematoma on a CT hyperdense or hypodense?
Hyperdense (bright) as it is fresh blood
What malignancy is associated with Myasthenia gravis?
thymoma
What is Uhthoff’s (ootofs) phenomenon?
Neuro symptoms exacerbated by increase in body temperature associated with MS
What is a side effect of phenytoin?
peripheral neuropathy,
What is management for symptomatic chronic subdural bleeds?
Burr hole evacuation
Patient was recently diagnosed with Parkinsons but randomly falls (no reason for fall). What is his diagnosis?
‘Parkinson Plus’ syndrome
which is a type of Progressive supranuclear palsy
What is Progressive supranuclear palsy?
- postural instability and falls
- parkinsonism
- cognitive impairment
-impairment of vertical gaze (CN4)
What investigation has to be done for Progressive supranuclear palsy?
Assessment of CN III, IV and VI (those that control the extraocular muscles)
What condition is this: Parkinsonism with associated autonomic disturbances (atonic bladder, postural hypotension)
Multiple system atrophy e.g, MS but not progressive supranuclear palsy cuz it has ocular pathology
What type of headache responds completely to indomethacin?
Paroxysmal hemicrania
What are conditions for neurofibromatosis 1?
Cafe-au-lait spots (>= 6, 15 mm in diameter)
Axillary/groin freckles
Peripheral neurofibromas
Iris hamatomas (Lisch nodules) in > 90%
Scoliosis
Pheochromocytomas
What are conditions for neurofibromatosis 2?
Bilateral vestibular schwannomas
Multiple intracranial schwannomas, mengiomas and ependymomas
What is first line treatment spasticity in MS?
Baclofen / gabapentin
