Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

Is CLL associated with warm or cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?

A

Warm

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2
Q

What is the reversal agent for dabigatran?

A

Idarucizumab

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3
Q

What is management for Von Willebrand’s disease?

A

Desmopressin

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4
Q

What are the bloods of someone with alcoholic liver disease?

A

Microcytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia

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5
Q

What is the transfusion rate/time for a unit of RBC in a non-urgent scenario?

A

Over 90-120 minutes

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6
Q

What are symptoms of acute chest syndrome?

A

dyspnoea, chest pain, cough, hypoxia and new pulmonary infiltrates seen on chest x-ray

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7
Q

What is the platelet transfusion threshold for patients not bleeding or having an invasive procedure?

A

10

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8
Q

What is the platelet transfusion threshold for patients actively bleeding?

A

30

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9
Q

What is given for prophylaxis against tumour lysis syndrome?

A

Allopurinol + IV fluids

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10
Q

What would you see in a blood film of someone with hyposplenism?

A

Howell-Jolly bodies and siderocytes

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11
Q

What are symptoms of Transfusion Associated Circularory Overload (TACO)?

A

Hypertension, raised jugular venous pulse, afebrile, S3 present.

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12
Q

What are symptoms of Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?

A

Hypotension, pyrexia, normal/unchanged JVP

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13
Q

What is treatment of TACO?

A

Slow or stop transfusion

Consider intravenous loop diuretic (e.g. furosemide) and oxygen

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14
Q

What is treatment of TRALI?

A

Stop the transfusion

Oxygen and supportive care

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15
Q

What are signs of acute haemolytic reaction?

A

Fever, abdominal pain, hypotension
(ABO-incompatible blood e.g. secondary to human error)

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16
Q

What is the treatment of acute haemolytic reaction?

A
  • Stop transfusion
  • Supportive care (fluid resus)
17
Q

What are the signs of Non-haemolytic febrile reaction?

A

Fever, chills

18
Q

What is the treatment of non- haemolytic febrile reaction?

A

Slow or stop the transfusion

Paracetamol

Monitor

19
Q

What are the signs of Minor allergic reaction?

A

Pruritus, urticaria

20
Q

What is the treatment of Minor allergic reaction?

A

Temporarily stop the transfusion

Antihistamine

Monitor

21
Q

What are the signs of Anaphylaxis?

A

Hypotension, dyspnoea, wheezing, angioedema

22
Q

What is the treatment of anaphylaxis?

A

Stop the transfusion

IM adrenaline

ABC support
oxygen
fluids

23
Q

What are signs of a poor prognosis in Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

A

‘B’ symptoms in Hodgkin’s lymphoma are associated with a poor prognosis
weight loss > 10% in last 6 months
fever > 38ºC
night sweats

24
Q

In myeloma with metastasis, what are the blood test seen in this disease?

A

Hypercalcaemia, normal / high phosphate, normal ALP

25
Q

Why are NSAIDs avoided in multiple myeloma?

A

Can cause renal failure

26
Q

What are the blood results of beta-thalassaemia trait?

A

Microcytic anaemia + raised HbA2
Usually asymptomatic

27
Q

What virus can cause neutropenia?

A

EBV

28
Q

What is the MOA of dabigatran?

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

29
Q

What is used to prevent exacerbations of sickle cell anaemia?

A

Hydroxyurea