Infection Flashcards
What are symptoms of yellow fever?
flu like illness → brief remission→ followed by jaundice and haematemesis
LP results
find table
What bacteria is associated with cavitating lesions when it causes pneumonia?
Staphylococcus aureus
What is management when patient is exposed to rabies?
Give human rabies immunoglobulin + full course of vaccination
What are symptoms of leptospirosis?
1st week symptoms:
- fever
- flu like symptoms
- unconjunctival suffusion (redness)/haemorrhage
Later on symptoms:
- AKI
- hepatitis: jaundice, hepatomegaly
- aseptic meningitis
What is treatment of cellulitis?
- oral flucloxacillin as first-line
- treatment for mild/moderate cellulitis
oral clarithromycin, erythromycin (in pregnancy) or doxycycline is recommended in patients allergic to penicillin
What condition is characterised by mutliple painful genital ulcers?
genital herpes
What are signs of acute prostitis in young men?
- urinary symptoms and a tender enlarged prostate
- general malaise and pain in his perineum and scrotum.
- increased urinary frequency and some burning pain on passing urine
- Prostate is tender + boggy enlargement
What conditions have painful genital ulcers?
Herpes and chancroid (less common)
What conditions have painless genital ulcers?
Syphilis and lymphogranuloma venereum (less common)
What is the difference between syphilis and lymphogranuloma venereum?
Syphilis has painless lymphadenopathy, while LV is painful and unilateral.
What are features of chancroid?
- painful genital ulcers
- unilateral, painful inguinal lymph node enlargement.
- ulcers typically have a sharply defined, ragged, undermined border.
How to treat vaginal thrush/ candida?
Oral fluconazole single-dose is first-line
How to treat scarlet fever?
Oral phenoxymethylpenicillin
What organisms cause post-splenomegaly sepsis?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilia influenzae
Meningococci
What is gold standard investigation for TB?
Sputum culture
What is a side effect of ciprofloxacin?
Achilles rupture
What are the 2 options to give as prophylaxis for contacts of patients with meningococcal meningitis?
Oral ciprofloxacin or Oral rifampicin
What are features of typhoid fever?
- Salmonella typhi
- rose spots on the abdomen
- Systemic upset
- Abdo pain + distension
- Constipation
What is treatment of Pneumocystis jiroveci ?
co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole)
What the traid for CNS lymphoma?
HIV, neuro symptoms, single brain lesions with homogenous enhancement
what is treatment of latent TB?
- 3 months of isoniazid (with pyridoxine) and rifampicin, or
- 6 months of isoniazid (with pyridoxine)
When is HIV prophylaxis given?
up to 72h
What are features of Entamoeba histolytica (amoebiasis)?
dysentery, liver abscesses, colonic abscesses, or inflammatory masses in the colon
What is treatment for cellulitis?
1st - penicillin
2nd - clarithromycin or erythromycin (if preg)
