Nervous System Review Sheet

Question 1

The somatic nervous system stimulates ___________ muscle

Answer 1

skeletal

Question 2

The autonomic nervous system stimulates ___________ muscle, ___________ muscle, and ___________

Answer 2

cardiac, smooth, and glands

Question 3

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) consists of which two divisions, each innervating the effector organ?

Answer 3

sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)

Question 4

The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) generally ___________ up everything except ___________

Answer 4

speeds, digestion

Question 5

The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) generally ___________ everything but ___________

Answer 5

slows down, digestion

Question 6

Signals from the SNS cause the heart rate to ___________, while signals from the PNS cause the heart rate to ___________.

Answer 6

increase, decrease

Question 7

Signals from the SNS cause smooth muscles of the intestine to ___________ contractions, while signals from the PNS cause these muscles to ___________ contractions

Answer 7

decrease, increase

Question 8

Signals from the SNS also cause the adrenal medulla to ___________ epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Answer 8

secrete

Question 9

Excting another neuron will increase the chances of a(n) ___________ in the second neuron

Answer 9

action potential

Question 10

Inhibiting another neuron will make the chances of a(n) ___________ less likely

Answer 10

action potential

Question 11

Axons from one nueron that synapse with dendrites of another axon are called ___________

Answer 11

axodendritic synapses

Question 12

Axons from one neuron that synapse with the soma of another axon are called ___________

Answer 12

axosomatic synapses

Question 13

Axons from one neuron can synapse with the axon terminal of another neuron. These synapses are called ___________, and they regulate the amount of ___________ released by the other neuron

Answer 13

axoaxonic, neurotransmitter

Question 14

In an electrical synapse, electrical current flows from oneneuron to another through ___________

Answer 14

gap junctions

Question 15

Electrical synapses are always ___________

Answer 15

excitatory

Question 16

What are two advantages of electrical synapses?

Answer 16

1. Fast speed of signal conduction

2. synchronize the activity for a group of neurons

Question 17

What are the most common type of synapse?

Answer 17

chemical synapses

Question 18

A chemical, called a ___________, is released from the sending neuron and travels across the ___________ to the receiving neuron.

Answer 18

neurotransmitter, synaptic cleft

Question 19

Two advantages of the chemical synapse?

Answer 19

1. The signal can either excite or inhibit the cell

2. The signal can be modified as it passes from one neuron to the next

Question 20

The neuron conducting the impulse toward the synapse is called the ___________ neuron.

Answer 20

presynaptic

Question 21

The axon terminal contains ___________ filled with ___________

Answer 21

synaptic vesicles, neurotransmitters

Question 22

An action potential in the axon terminal of the ___________ neuron causes the chemical transmitter ___________ to be released. It diffuses across the synpatic cleft and bind to receptors on the ___________ membrane

Answer 22

pre-synaptic, neurotransmitters, post-synaptic

Question 23

These receptors open ___________

Answer 23

ligan gated channels

Question 24

The movement of the charged particles causes an electrical signal called a ___________

Answer 24

action potential

Question 25

Dendrites bring information ______ the cell.

Answer 25

towards

Question 26

where does action potential start? and how does it travel down the neuron?

Answer 26

the hillock and jumps from node of ranvier to the next skipping the schwann cells

Question 27

what are schwann cells called in the brain?

Answer 27

digocytes

Question 28

what are 3 types of dendrites?

Answer 28

bipolar, multipolar, and unipolar

Question 29

what 3 channels are involved in action potential?

Answer 29

leak channels, votage gated channels, and Na/K ATPase pump

Question 30

white matter is mylinated

Answer 30

true

Question 31

grey matter is nonmylinated

Answer 31

true

Question 32

what does the frontal cerebrum do?

Answer 32

problem solving, voluntary movement

Question 33

what does the parietal do?

Answer 33

general sensation, touch, temp, specialized tastes

Question 34

what does the temporal do?

Answer 34

smell, auditory, hearing, and memories

Question 35

what does the occipital do?

Answer 35

vision

Question 36

what makes up the brain stem? what do each do?

Answer 36

Pons-balance
Medulla Oblongata- basic vital function
Spinal cord- primitive reflexes