Nervous and Endocrine Systems Flashcards
Define the nervous system?
The vast network of cells specialised in carrying information to and from all parts of the body in order to bring about activity
What is the CNS?
Central Nervous System (brain and spinal chord)
What is the PNS?
Peripheral Nervous System
Every other nerve tissue within the body
Sensory information and motor neurons
What is the PNS split into?
Motor and sensory
What is the motor system split into?
Autonomic and Somatic
What is the somatic system?
Voluntary
Responds to external stimuli
Skeletal muscle
What is the autonomic system?
Involuntaty
Responds to internal stimuli
What muscle does the autonomic system use?
Skeletal and cardiac
What muscle does the somatic system use?
Skeletal only
What does the autonomic system split down into?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
Responds to stress
Fight or flight
Increases the heart rate
Accelerator
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
Initiates the rest and digest
Decreases heart rate
Decellarator
Describe the pathway of nerves?
Afferent –> interneurons –> efferent
Describe afferent nerves?
Sensory system
Sends info to the CNS
Describe the interneurons?
In the CNS
They make the decision
Distributes information from the sensory system/motor neurones and relays this to the neurons within the CNS
Describe the efferent nerves
Motor system
Communicates information from the CNS to the organs/muscles in response to stimulus
What is the reflex gate?
The pain gate
Follows the nerve pattern to react to the external stimuli
What is the endocrine system?
Activated by information received from the nervous system.
Results in activation of an endocrine gland
Causes hormone secretion
Brings about a change in the body - maintains homeostasis
Slower reaction time than the nervous system
Name the 3 major glands?
Thyroid gland, pituatary, pancreas
Describe the location of the pituarty gland?
In the base of the brain
Describe the function of the pituitary gland?
Receives constant messages from the brain
Produces tropic hormones
Stimulates other endocrine glands to release hormones
releases growth hormones
Describe the location of the thyroid?
In the neck
Function of the thyroid gland?
Controls metabolism
Makes protein
Hormone sensitivity
Homeostasis
What hormones do the thyroid produce?
Thyroxine and calcitonin
Where is the pancreas?
Alongside the stomach
What is the function of the pancreas?
Releases insulin and glucagon
Maintains blood glucose lesson
Hormones controlling blood glucose levels
