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Ex Physiology > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the stomach?

A

Left of the midline/abdomen
Behind the diaphragm
between the oesophagus and the deuodenum
Anterior to the pancreas

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2
Q

How many sections does the stomach have?

A 
4
Fundus
Cardia
Body
Plyrus
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3
Q

How many values does the stomach have?

A

2

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4
Q

What are the two stomach valves called?

A

Esophageal sphincter

Pyloric sphinter

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5
Q

What are the three layers of smooth muscle in the stomach?

A

Longitudional (outer)
Circular (middle)
Oblique (inner)

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6
Q

What are the main functions of the stomach?

A
  1. MECHANICAL BREAKDOWN through churning and contracting of the stomach muscle
  2. CHEMICAL BREAKDOWN through gastric acid and other enzymes which turn food into chyme
  3. ABSORBTION of Ions, water, caffeine, alcohol and drugs
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7
Q

Where are the intestines located?

A

At the base of the stomach, extending to the anus
Sits in the abdominal cavity
Split into large and small

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8
Q

What is the structure of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum
Jejenum
Illeum

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9
Q

What is the function of the small intestine?

A

Majority of digestion

Majority of absorbtion

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10
Q

What is the structure of the large intestine?

A

Cecum, colon and anus

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11
Q

What is the function of the large intestine

A

Very small amounts of absorption (vitamins and minerals)

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12
Q

Where is the liver?

A

Mainly right hand side of the abdomen
Below the diaphragm
Above the stomach

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13
Q

What is the structure of the liver?

A

Largest gland in the body

Ligament divides the left and right lobe

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14
Q

What is the function of the liver? (name 5)

A 
Regulates metabolic function
Purifies the blood (excretes toxins etc)
Stores vitamins and minerals
Creates proteins for blood plasma
Controls blood sugar levels 
Bile filtration
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15
Q

Where are the kidneys?

A

Posterior to the body
Lower abdomen
In-line with the 12th rib
Psoas major origin

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16
Q

What is the structure of the kidneys?

A

bean shaped
Next to main artery and vein
Ureters link the kidneys to the bladder

17
Q

What is the function of the kidneys?

A

Body’s filtering system
Removes waste products from blood
Re absorption of water, glucose and amino acids
Homeostasis (regulates pH, blood pressure and electrolytes)

18
Q

Name some waste products that the kidneys remove from the blood?

A

Urea, uric acid, water

19
Q

Name the three things that the kidneys regulate?

A

pH, blood pressure, electrolytes

20
Q

Name the 3 things that the kidneys ra-absorb

A

water, glucose, amino acids

Ex Physiology (25 decks)

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