Heart

Question 1

What is the location of the heart?

Answer 1

Sits to the left of the body midline

Rests on the diaphragm

Question 2

What is the size of the heart?

Answer 2

Size of ones fist
250 g female
300g males

Question 3

What is the cardiac muscle known as?

Answer 3

Myocardium

Question 4

What is the inside of the heart chamber known as?

Answer 4

Endocardium

Question 5

What is the outside layer of the heart known as?

Answer 5

Epicardium

Question 6

What is the fluid outside layer of the heart known as?

Answer 6

The pericardium

Question 7

What is the function of the vena cava?

Answer 7

To bring deoxygenated blood into the heart so it can be pumped to the lungs

Question 8

What is the superior vena cava?

Answer 8

Deoxygenated blood from the upper body

Question 9

What is the inferior vena cava?

Answer 9

Deoxygenated blood from the lower body

Question 10

Where is the tricuspid valve?

Answer 10

Between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Question 11

Where is the bicuspid valve?

Answer 11

Between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Question 12

What are the 2 circulatory systems?

Answer 12

Pulmonary and systemic

Question 13

What is the pulmonary circulatory system?

Answer 13

The pumping of deoxygenated blood to the lungs in order to allow gaseous exchange to occur and blood to become oxygenated then pumped back to the heart via the pulmonary veins.

Question 14

What is the systemic circulatory system?

Answer 14

The journey of blood from the left ventricle to parts of the body (oxygenated)

Question 15

How many layers to the wall of the heart?

Answer 15

1. Epicardium
2. Myocardium
3. Endocardium

Question 16

Describe the epicardium?

Answer 16

The thin outer layer of connective tissue giving a smooth exterior

Question 17

Describe the myocardium?

Answer 17

The cardiac muscle
Striated in appearance
No aerobic capacity so requires oxygen on demand via blood flow from the coronary arteries

Question 18

Describe the endocardium?

Answer 18

The inner layer of the heart

Smooth lining and covers the valves

Question 19

What are the semi-lunar valves?

Answer 19

The valves between the ventricles, the aorta and pulmonary artery

Question 20

What is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 20

One heart beat (contraction and relaxation phase)

Question 21

What is stroke volume?

Answer 21

Amount of blood pumped from the ventricle in one heartbeat

Question 22

What is cardiac output?

Answer 22

Amount of blood pumped out the ventricle in one minute

Question 23

What are coronary arteries?

Answer 23

Arteries which supply blood to the heart for the heart to use

Question 24

What are the coronary arteries?

Answer 24

Left and right

Question 25

Describe the right coronary artery

Answer 25

Splits into the marginal branch

Feeds blood to the right ventricle and the posterior ventricular branch

Question 26

Describe the left coronary artery

Answer 26

Larger than the right

Question 27

Name the 2 left coronary arteries?

Answer 27

1. Anterior inverventricular branch (joins in the middle with the right coronary artery)
2. Circumflex branch (goes to the apex)

Question 28

Where does deoxygenated blood from the myocardium drain to?

Answer 28

Into the vascular sinus in the coronary sulcus

Question 29

What do coronary veins do?

Answer 29

Take deoxygenated blood away into the vena cava

Question 30

What is the cardiac cycle?

Answer 30

120/80

Question 31

What is the average cardiac output?

Answer 31

70ml x 77 bpm = 5250 ml

Question 32

How is the blood taken to the body?

Answer 32

Via the ascending and descending aorta