NERVES AND VESSELS

Question 1

What are the two nervous systems

Answer 1

CNS (Central Nervous System)
PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)

Question 2

What does the CNS include?

Answer 2

Brain, Brain stem, and spinal cord

Question 3

What does the PNS include

Answer 3

All other nerves outside of the spine and spinal cord

Question 4

What are afferent nerves?
(we wont talk about these much)

Answer 4

Travel towards the CNS (“ascending) They relay sensory information from peripheral sensory receptors to the CNS for processing

Question 5

What are efferent nerves?

Answer 5

Travel away from CNS. Relay motor information from CNS to muscles and glands.

Question 6

what vertebrae does the spinal cord end on

Answer 6

T12-L1

Question 7

what is the conus medullaris

Answer 7

The point at the end of a spinal cord

Question 8

what is cauda equina

Answer 8

sack of nerve roots. Latin for “horse tail” at the end of spinal cord.

Question 9

What is the forum magnum?

Answer 9

Hole in base of skull where spinal cord leaves the skull to enter vertebral column

Question 10

What do cranial nerves play an important role in?

Answer 10

Visual, respitory, digestive, cardiovascular, and motor systems

Question 11

what exits the spinal canal through the intervertabral foramen

Answer 11

spinal nerves

Question 12

what is between every cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae

Answer 12

intervertebral foramen

Question 13

How many spinal nerves does the cervical vertebrae have?

Answer 13

C1-C8

Question 14

How many spinal nerves does the thoracic vertebrae have?

Answer 14

T1-T12

Question 15

How many spinal nerves does the lumbar vertebrae have?

Answer 15

L1-L5

Question 16

How many spinal nerves does the coccygeal vertebrae have?

Answer 16

Co (a single nerve pair)

Question 16

How many spinal nerves does the sacral vertebrae have?

Answer 16

S1-S5

Question 17

for C1-C8, do spinal nerve roots come out above vertebrae or below

Answer 17

Above

Question 18

For all other vertebraes, do spinal nerves come out above or below vertebrae

Answer 18

Below

Question 19

How are vertebraes labeled

Answer 19

Roman Numerals

Question 20

How are spinal nerves labeled

Answer 20

arabic numbers (1,2,3)

Question 21

Define Nerve root

Answer 21

The part of the nerve that branches off of the spinal cord passes through the interverbral foramen and connects to peripheral nerve

Question 22

Define Nerve

Answer 22

Once the nerve exits the IVF, it becomes the spinal nerve

Question 23

What is a plexus

Answer 23

big network of nerves and there is none in T spine

Question 24

Where does the cervical plexus cover (eg: C1-...)

Answer 24

C1-C4

Question 25

What does the brachial plexus cover (eg: C1-...)

Answer 25

C5-T1

Question 26

What does lumbar plexus cover (eg: L1-...)

Answer 26

L1-L4

Question 27

What does sacral plexus cover (eg: L1-...)

Answer 27

L4-S4

Question 28

what does the cervical plexus innervate?

Answer 28

diaphragm, some neck muscles, and skin on the head, neck, and upper chest.

Question 29

What does the brachial plexus innervate

Answer 29

the muscles of the upper limb

Question 30

What does the lumbosacral plexus innervate?

Answer 30

Innervates the lower limbs

Question 31

define muscle innervation

Answer 31

Each muscle has one or more nerve that predominantly controls its movement. This is termed the muscles innervation.

Question 32

name 3 nerves from upper extremity that originate from brachial plexus

Answer 32

radial nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve

Question 33

name 2 nerves from lower extremity that originiate from lumbosacral plexus

Answer 33

sciatic nerve (made up of fibular nerve and tibial nerve, femoral nerve

Question 34

Where does the radial nerve originate from. Is it the biggest nerve in upper extremity?

Answer 34

Originates from Brachial Plexus. Yes it is the biggest nerve in upper extremity.

Question 35

Describe how the radial nerve wraps around.

Answer 35

Wraps posteriorly around mid shaft humerous. Passes anterior to lateral epicondyle. Travels postero- laterally in forearm

Question 36

where does ulnar nerve originate from?

Answer 36

Brachial plexus

Question 37

Describe how ulnar nerve wraps around

Answer 37

travels along medial humerous. Passes posteriorly to medial epicondyle. Travels along anteromedial forearm to medial corner of hand

Question 38

Where does median nerve originate from?

Answer 38

Brachial Plexus

Question 39

Describe how median nerve wraps around

Answer 39

travels along antero medial humerus (between ulnar nerve and humerus) Travels anterior to medial epicondylor. Travels along anterior forearm to base of middle of palm.

Question 40

Where does sciatic nerve originate from?

Answer 40

Lumbosacral plexus

Question 41

describe how it travels

Answer 41

out of pelvis between anterior sacrum and posterior ischium. Travels along postero- medial femur.

Question 42

When the sciatic nerve splits above the knee, what does it split into?

Answer 42

Fibular Nerve and Tibial nerve

Question 43

How does the Fibular nerve travel

Answer 43

Lateral to knee Travels around fibular neck. Down anterior fibula and ends in dorsal surface of foot

Question 44

How does Tibial nerve travel?

Answer 44

Travels across posterior knee and posterior tibia. Travels medial to ankle joints to plantar surface of foot

Question 45

where does femoral nerve originate from

Answer 45

lumbosacral plexus

Question 46

How does the femoral nerve travel

Answer 46

Along medial illium, then superior/anterior to the pubic bone. Travels along femur and ends in distal thigh musculature