ANKLE AND FOOT

Question 1

What digit of toe is the reference point for ABD and ADD

Answer 1

Digit 2

Question 2

Is movement away from Digit 2 ABD or ADD

Answer 2

ABD

Question 3

Is movement towards digit 2 ABD or ADD

Answer 3

ADD

Question 4

What is retinaculum? What does it improve?

Answer 4

band of thickened fascia that holds tendons, vessels, and nerves in place. Improves the efficiency of pull of tendons

Question 5

What does Tarsal tunnel retinaculum support?

Answer 5

Supports tendons of tibialis posterior, flexor digitorium longus, flexor hallucis longus, and tibial nerve and one tibial artery

Question 6

What is tarsal tunnel retinaculum formed by

Answer 6

formed by flexor retinaculum on medial foot which runs from medial malleolus to medial calcaneus.

Question 7

What are the 2 arches of the foot

Answer 7

1. longitudinal arch
2. transverse arch

Question 8

What plane does the longitudinal arch run throughb

Answer 8

Saagital plane

Question 9

Where is the longitudinal arch found and what 2 components does it have and is it highest on medial or lateral side?

Answer 9

found between anterior calcaneus and heads of metatarsals. Has medial and lateral component and is highest on the medial side and lowest on lateral side.

Question 10

What plane does the longitudinal arch run thru

Answer 10

coronal plane

Question 11

Where does transverse arch start?

Answer 11

starts at anterior calcanues and disapears near heads of the metatarsals

Question 12

How many layers of muscle are there in the plantar surface of the foot

Answer 12

4 layers of muscle on the plantar surface of foot

Question 13

What layer is most superficial and which layer is deepest

Answer 13

Layer 1- superficial, layer 4- deep

Question 14

what are the 2 main roles of the muscles on plantar surface of foot?

Answer 14

Support the foot and improve tendon efficiancy of tendon pull

Question 15

Where does medial support go to in the tendinous support

Answer 15

Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorium longus, flexor hallucis, tibialis anterior

Question 16

Where does the lateral support go to in tendinous support

Answer 16

fibularis longus (main one)
Fibularis brevis

Question 17

What makes a cross section on the sole of the foot

Answer 17

the tibialis posterior and fibularis longus tendons create a cross tension. Helps to create support in arch.

Question 18

What does the extensor halluic brevis aid in

Answer 18

extension of big toe

Question 19

What type of joint is tarsometattarsal joint and what is the joint movements

Answer 19

planar, sliding/ gliding

Question 20

What type of joint is metatarsophalangeal joint and what is the joint movements

Answer 20

condylar joint, flexion/ extension and abduction and adduction

Question 21

what type of joint is the interphalangeal joint and what is the movement

Answer 21

hinge joint and flexion and extension