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HES 120 > ANKLE AND LEG > Flashcards

ANKLE AND LEG Flashcards

1
Q

MUSCLE NAMING ON ABSOLUTE SIZE:
What is brevis, longus, and vastus

A

brevis- short
longus-long
vastus-wide

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2
Q

MUSCLE NAMING ON RELATIVE SIZE

A

Maximus/medius/minimus
Major/minor

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3
Q

MUSCLE NAMING BASED ON LOCATION

A

Anterior/Posterior, Internal/External

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4
Q

MUSCLE NAMING BASED ON ACTION

A

extensor/flexor, pronator/supinator

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5
Q

MUSCLE NAMING BASED ON LOCATION/ BODY REGION
What is carpi, cervicis, digitorium, femoris

A

carpi- wrist area
cervicus- neck area
digitorium-fingers/toes
femoris-femur/thigh region

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6
Q

MUSCLE NAMING BASED ON MUSCLE FIBER ORIENTATION
What is oblique, rectus, and transversus

A

Oblique- at an angle
Rectus- straight
Transversus- across/ transverse

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7
Q

MUSCLE NAMING BASED ON NUMBER OF MUSCLE HEADS
How many heads does bicep, tricep, and quadriceps have?

A

Biceps- 2 heads
Triceps -3 heads
Quadriceps- 4 heads

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8
Q

MUSCLE NAMING BASED ON MUSCLE SHAPES
What shape is Deltoid, Trapezius, Serratus

A

Deltoid- triangular
Trapezius- trapezoid
Serratus-serrated/jagged

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9
Q

What are the important anatomical features of the femur

A

Head, neck, shaft
Gluteal tuberosity
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
Linea aspera
adductor tubercle
Condyles (medial/lateral)

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10
Q

Important anatomical features of patella

A

Apex- points inferior (attatches to patellular ligament)
Base- oriented upwards- (attatches to quadiceps region)

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11
Q

Important anatomical features of tibia

A

tibial tuberosity
condyles (lateral and medial)
soleil line
medial malleolus
gerdy’s tubercle

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12
Q

Important anatmoical features of fibula

A

Head, neck, and shaft
lateral malleoli

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13
Q

What does each metatarsal and phalanges have?

A

Base, shaft, and head

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14
Q

is the base distal or proximal (foot)

A

proximal

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15
Q

Is the head distal or proximal (foot)

A

distal

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16
Q

What joint type is the patellofemoral joint? What is the joint movements? What is the ligament?

A

Planar, Sliding/gliding, Patellar Ligament

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17
Q

What type of joint is tibiofemoral joint?
What are the joint movements?
What are the 5 ligaments

A

Bicondylar joint
Flexion/ extension, medial/lateral rotation
1. Patellar ligament 2. lateral/fibular collateral ligament (LCL) 3. medial/tibial collateral ligament (MCL) 4. anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 5. Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

18
Q

What does the ACL do? What does it stop and where does it travel

A

Stops tibia from sliding anteriorly ahead of femur. Travels anterior (tibia) to posterior (femur), attatches lateral femur

19
Q

What does the PCL do? What does it stop and where does it travel

A

Stops tibia from sliding posteriorly behind femur. Travels posterior (tibia) to anterior (femur) attatches medial femur.

20
Q

What joint type is proximal tibiofibular joint and what is the joint movement

A

Planar joint, sliding/ gliding

21
Q

What joint type is distal tibiofibular joint and what is the joint movement and what ligament does it include

A

solid joint, minimal to no movement anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

22
Q

What joint type is subtalar joint and what is the joint movement

A

Plane joint and inversion, eversion (supination, pronation)

23
Q

what are the ligaments for both talocural and subtalar joints

A

Lateral: posterior talofibular, anterior talofibular
Medial: Posterior tibiotalar, anterior tibiotalar

24
Q

What are the 8 arteries we need to know

A
  1. Ascending aorta
  2. Aortic arch (Next slide include all the branches)
  3. Thoracic aorta
  4. Abdominal aorta
  5. common illiac artery– external/ internal illiac artery
  6. femoral artery
  7. popliteal artery
  8. Tibial and fibular arteries
25
Q

What are the 4 components of the aortic arch

A

a. Brachiophalic artery (only on right)
b. common carotid artery
c. pulmonary arteries
d. subclavian artery– axillary artery–brachial artery– radial/ ulnar arteries

26
Q

What are the 11 veins we need to know?

A
  1. superior/ inferior vena cava
  2. pulmonary veins
  3. brachiocephalic vein
  4. subclavian vein– (internal/external jugular veins)
  5. axillary vein
  6. Brachial vein- a. Ulnar vein, radial vein
  7. common illiac vein
  8. external/ internal iliac vein
  9. femoral vein
  10. popliteal vein
  11. Tibial and fibular veins
27
Q

How many compartments does the anatomical leg have?

A

3- anterior, posterior, lateral

28
Q

What are the anterior and lateral compartment muscles innervated by?

A

Common fibular nerve

29
Q

What are the posterior compartment muscles innervated by

A

Tibial Nerve

30
Q

What is the Talocrural Joint. What joint type is it and what are the movements

A

Hinge joint. Plantar flexion and dorsiflexion.

31
Q

TIBIALIS ANTERIOR: What is the O, I, INN, F

A

O: Lateral Tibial Surface, I: Dorsomedial surface of Metatarsal 1, INN: Anterior Compartment F: Ankle dorsiflexiona dn inversion

32
Q

EXTENSOR DIGITORIUM LONGUS (Foot) : What is the O (2), I, INN, F (2)

A

O: Lateral tibial condyle and Medial fibular surface,
I: Dorsal surface of lateral four phalanges (toes) INN: Anterior compartment of leg. F: Extension of lateral four toes and ankle dorsiflexion.

33
Q

EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS: What is the O, I, INN, F (2)

A

O: medial surface of fbula, I: dorsal surface of hallux (big toe) INN: anterior compartment of leg
F: great toe flexion, ankle dorsiflexion

34
Q

FIBULARIS LONGUS: What is the O, I, INN, F (2)

A

O: upper lateral surface and head of fibula I: Plantar surface of metatarsal 1,
INN: Lateral compartment of leg
F: Ankle eversion and plantar flexion, Supports arch of foot

35
Q

FIBULARIS BREVIS: What is the O, I, INN, F

A

O: Lower lateral surface of fibular shaft, I: Lateral aspect of metatarsal 5
INN: Lateral compartment of leg,
F: Ankle eversion and plantarflexion

36
Q

GASTROCNEMIUS: (2) HEADS: O(2), I, INN, F

A

O: Medial head- postero- medial femoral condyle,
Lateral head: Postero- lateral femoral condyle,
I: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
INN: Posterior compartment of leg (superficial)
F: Ankle plantar flexion, aids in knee flexion.

37
Q

SOLEUS: O (2), I, INN, F

A

O: soleal line of tibia, Posterior fibular head/ neck/ shaft, I: Posterior calcaneus via chalcaneal tendon, INN: Posterior compartment of leg, F: Ankle Plantar flexion

38
Q

FLEXUS HALLUCIS: O, I, INN, F

A

O: Posterior surface of fibula, I, Plantar surface of lateral four phalanges (toes) INN: posterior compartment of leg (Deep) F: Flexes lateral four toes and ankle plantarfelxion.

39
Q

TIBIALIS POSTERIOR: O, I, INN, F

A

O: Posterior tibia and fibula, I: Plantar surface of nearly all tarsal and metatarsal bones, INN: Posterior compartment of leg (deep) F: ankle inversion and plantar flexion, Supports the medial arch

40
Q
A

HES 120 (16 decks)

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