Neoplasia

Question 1

Any mass lesion

Answer 1

Tumor

Question 2

Tissue native to the location but disorganized

Answer 2

Hamartoma

Question 3

Normal tissue in wrong location

Answer 3

Ectopia

Question 4

Neoplasm containing all 3 embryonic layers

Answer 4

Teratoma

Question 5

Teratomas typically arise in midline structure from these

Answer 5

Germ cells
(gonads, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, pineal region)

Question 6

Teratomas most commonly arise in these

Answer 6

gonads

Question 7

“Mature” indicates a teratoma is

Answer 7

Benign

Question 8

“Immature” indicates a teratoma is

Answer 8

Malignant

Question 9

Autonomous growth of native tissue, independent of normal growth regulation

Answer 9

Neoplasm

Question 10

Neoplasms involve this type of clonal proliferation initially

Answer 10

Monoclonal
(common for additional mutations to arise, oligoclonality within a neoplasm)

Question 11

Common suffix for benign neoplasms

Answer 11

“-oma”

Question 12

Lymphoma is this type of tumor of lymphocytes

Answer 12

Malignant
(is an exception, as “-oma” typically indicates benign neoplasms)

Question 13

Melanoma is this type of tumor of melanocytes

Answer 13

Malignant
(is an exception, as “-oma” typically indicates benign neoplasms)

Question 14

Mesothelioma is this type of tumor of mesothelium

Answer 14

Malignant
(is an exception, as “-oma” typically indicates benign neoplasms)

Question 15

Seminoma is this type of tumor of germ cells

Answer 15

Malignant
(is an exception, as “-oma” typically indicates benign neoplasms)

Question 16

Benign tumor of skeletal muscle

Answer 16

Rhabdomyoma

Question 17

Benign tumor of smooth muscle

Answer 17

Leiomyoma

Question 18

Benign tumor of fibroblasts

Answer 18

Fibroma

Question 19

Benign tumor of fat

Answer 19

Lipoma

Question 20

Benign tumor of bone

Answer 20

Osteoma

Question 21

Benign tumor of blood vessels

Answer 21

Angioma

Question 22

Benign tumor of glands

Answer 22

Adenoma

Question 23

Benign tumor of melanocytes

Answer 23

Nevus

Question 24

Malignant tumor of mesenchyme

Answer 24

Sarcoma

Question 25

Malignant WBCs in circulating blood or bone marrow

Answer 25

Leukemia

Question 26

Malignant WBCs in lymph node

Answer 26

Lymphoma

Question 27

Malignant tumor of epithelium

Answer 27

Carcinoma

Question 28

Morphologic variation within a population of cells

Answer 28

Pleomorphism

Question 29

Describes individual cells that have abnormal morphology

Answer 29

Atypia (e.g. nucleus enlarged, irregular nuclear shape, irregular chromatin distribution)

Question 30

Sarcoma and glioma tend to be this type of mutations

Answer 30

Sporadic (radiation, age, inherited syndromes)

Question 31

Myeloid neoplasms tend to be this

Answer 31

Sporatic

Question 32

Lymphoid neoplasms tend to be this

Answer 32

Sporadic But may arise within sites of chronic inflammation

Question 33

Carcinoma neoplasms tend to be this type of mutation

Answer 33

Sporadic But environmental factors play a bigger role with epithelial malignancy

Question 34

Disordered growth

Answer 34

Dysplasia Sometimes arises out of metaplasia

Question 35

Term for severe dysplasia which is not yet invading No potential for metastasis

Answer 35

Carcinoma in situ

Question 36

Change of one epithelial type to another Seen at sites of chronic irritation or inflammation May regress if stimulus is removed May evolve into dysplasia and/or malignancy

Answer 36

Metaplasia

Question 37

Morphologic change due to genetic alterations Non-obligate pre-malignant change

Answer 37

Dysplasia

Question 38

Non-obligate precursor to invasive carcinoma Still above/within basement membrane

Answer 38

Carcinoma in situ

Question 39

Key feature of malignancy Most reliable feature with exception of metastasis

Answer 39

Invasion

Question 40

Type of tumors that expand and push tissue; encapsulated by compressed tissue

Answer 40

Benign

Question 41

Type of tumors that infiltrate tissues; poorly demarcated

Answer 41

Malignant

Question 42

3 pathways of metastasis

Answer 42

Lymphatic Hematogenous Seeding of body cavities

Question 43

Most common route of metastasis for carcinomas

Answer 43

Lymphatic

Question 44

Most common route of metastasis for sarcoma

Answer 44

Hematogenous

Question 45

Lymphatic metastasis is most common route for this

Answer 45

Carcinomas

Question 46

Hematogenous metastasis is most common route for this

Answer 46

Sarcoma

Question 47

Hematogenous metastasis in general follow this

Answer 47

Venous blood flow Deposit in liver (portal damage) and lungs (caval drainage) most commonly Bone is also a favorite

Question 48

Common route of metastasis for mesothelioma and carcinomas of ovary (also pancreas, lung)

Answer 48

Seeding of body cavities

Question 49

Seeding of body cavities is the most common route of metastasis for this

Answer 49

Mesothelioma and carcinomas of ovary (also pancreas, lung)

Question 50

Pathway of metastasis that frequently results in fluid accumulation (pleural effusion, ascites)

Answer 50

Seeding of body cavities