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Immunology > Lymphatics, MHC, and Antigen Presentation > Flashcards

Lymphatics, MHC, and Antigen Presentation Flashcards

1
Q

2 primary lymphoid organs

A

Bone marrow and thymus

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2
Q

Lymphoid organs where lymphocytes are generated and mature

A

Primary lymphoid organs (bone marrow and thymus)

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3
Q

Lymphoid organs where lymphocytes interact with antigen-presenting cells

A

Secondary lymphoid organs (adenoid, tonsil, spleen, lymph nodes)

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4
Q

Naive, mature lymphocytes exit circulation and enter lymph nodes via these

A

High endothelial venules

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5
Q

High endothelial venules allow lymphocytes to travel from circulation into these

A

lymph nodes

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6
Q

Lymphocytes exit the lymph node via this

A

Efferent lymphatic vessel

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7
Q

Lymphocytes return to the blood via this

A

Thoracic duct

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8
Q

Thoracic duct drains into this

A

Left subclavian vein

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9
Q

Pathogen-loaded dendritic cells enter lymph nodes via these

A

Afferent lymphatic vessels

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10
Q

Type of vessels that drain fluid from tissue and carry pathogens and APCs to the lymph node

A

Afferent lymphatic vessels

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11
Q

Site of B cell proliferation in the lymph node

A

Germinal center

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12
Q

Part of the lymph node that contains mostly B cells

A

Follicles

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13
Q

Part of the lymph node where T cells reside

A

Paracortical area

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14
Q

Blood-borne antigens are capture by APCs in this organ

A

Spleen

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15
Q

Organ that removes dead red blood cells

A

Spleen

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16
Q

The spleen is important for this type of pathogen

A

Blood-borne pathogens

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17
Q

In the spleen, germinal centers form along this

A

Periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PAS)

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18
Q

Marginal zone B cells surround this in the spleen

A

Follicle

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19
Q

Part of the spleen that contains few T cells but is rich in macrophages and resident non-circulating B cells

A

Marginal zone

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20
Q

Marginal zone B cells produce this type of antibody

A

IgM

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21
Q

Mucosal associated lymph tissue is a central dome of this type of cell surrounded by these cells

A

Central dome of B cells surrounded by T cells

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22
Q

Mucosa-associated lymph tissue collects antigen from epithelial surfaces via these cells

A

M Cells

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23
Q

Number of transmembrane domains in MHC I

A

1

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24
Q

Number of transmembrane domains in MHC II

A

2

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25
Q

All nucleated cells express this type of MHC

A

MHC I

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26
Q

Do erythrocytes express MHC I?

A

No; they don’t have nuclei

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27
Q

MHC primarily expressed by professional antigen-presenting cells

A

MHC II

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28
Q

3 types of professional antigen presenting cells

A

Dendritic cells, B cells, macrophages

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29
Q

MHC II expression is increased/induced on dendritic cells and macrophages by this molecule

A

IFN-gamma

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30
Q

Level of expression of MHC II on dendritic cells

A

Constitutive

31
Q

Expression of MHC II on macrophages

A

Low

32
Q

Expression of MHC II on B cells

A

Constitutive

33
Q

MHC variability is present in this part of the molecule

A

Peptide binding groove

34
Q

2 peptides that make up the peptide binding groove in MHC I

A

Alpha 1 and 2

35
Q

2 peptides that make up the peptide binding groove in MHC II

A

Alpha 1 and beta 1

36
Q

Transmembrane peptide(s) in MHC I

A

Alpha 3

37
Q

Transmembrane peptide(s) in MHC II

A

Alpha 2 and Beta 2

38
Q

MHC I presents peptides that are this long

A

8-11 aa (shorter)

39
Q

MHC II presents peptides that are this long

A

10-30 aa (longer)

40
Q

Residues that determine the binding affinity between antigen peptide and MHC
Very small (typically 2-3 aa)

A

Anchor residues

41
Q

MHC I isotypes

A

A, B, C, E, F, G

42
Q

MHC II isotypes

A

D

43
Q

MHC I isotypes that present antigen to CD8 T cells

A

HLA-A, -B, -C

44
Q

MHC I isotypes that interact with NK cell receptors

A

HLA-E and -F

45
Q

MHC II isotypes that present antigen to CD4 T cells

A

HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR

46
Q

MHC II isotypes that are intracellular and aid in the antigen presentation process

A

HLA-DM and -DO

47
Q

MHC that presents antigen from intracellular/cytosolic sources

A

MHC I

48
Q

MHC that presents antigen from extracellular sources

A

MHC II

49
Q

Peptides for MHC I presentation are broken down in the cytosol by this

A

Proteasome

50
Q

Peptides for MHC I presentation are broken down here by the proteasome

A

Cytosol

51
Q

Transporter used to transport degraded antigen proteins from the cytoplasm into the ER

A

Transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)

52
Q

4 chaperones that prevent antigen from binding to MHC I molecules in the ER

A

Calnexin, Calreticulin, Erp57, Tapasin

53
Q

Chaperone that retains a partially folded state of MHC I

A

Calnexin

54
Q

Chaperone that is a thiol reductase and maintains disulfide bonds

A

Erp57

55
Q

TAP associated protein that acts as a bridge between MHC I and TAP

A

Tapasin

56
Q

The T cell receptor recognizes a little bit of self, aka this

A

MHC

57
Q

The T cell receptor recognizes non-self, aka this

A

Peptide antigen

58
Q

Component that is not complexed with the MHC I molecule prior to peptide loading

A

Beta 2-microglobulin

59
Q

Beta 2 microglobulin is associated with this

A

MHC I

60
Q

MHC I is not moved to the cell surface until this is loaded

A

Peptide

61
Q

Enzyme that removes amino acids from the N-terminal end of peptides to improve their fit for the MHC I molecule
“Peptide trimming”

A

Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP)

62
Q

ER aminopeptidase (ERAP) is involved in this process

A

Peptide trimming for loading onto MHC I

63
Q

Enzymes that are inactive until endosome acidifies, and then cleave antigen into peptide fragments for MHC II

A

Endosomal proteases

64
Q

MHC II molecules are folded in this intracellular location

A

ER

65
Q

Molecule that blocks that peptide-binding groove of MHC II and prevents cytoplasmic proteins in the ER from binding

A

Invariant chain (Ii)

66
Q

The invariant chain blocks this

A

Peptide-binding groove on MHC II
Prevents cytoplasmic proteins in the ER from binding

67
Q

Short peptide fragment of the invariant chain that remains on MHC II until removal by HLA-DM

A

CLIP (class II invariant chain peptide)

68
Q

CLIP is a short fragment of this, which remains on MHC II peptide binding groove

A

Invariant chain

69
Q

Molecule that removes CLIP from MHC II, allowing internalized, degraded peptides to bind in the fused vesicle/acidified endosome

A

HLA-DM

70
Q

Function of HLA-DM

A

Removes CLIP from MHC II (allows internalized degraded peptides to bind)

71
Q

Beta 2 microglobulin is associated with what?

A

MHC I

72
Q

Site of peptide loading of MHC I

A

ER

73
Q

Site of peptide loading of MHC II

A

Late endosomes and lysosomes

Immunology (21 decks)

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