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PSP > Neck Lump > Flashcards

Neck Lump Flashcards

1
Q

Lymphadenitis

A

. inflammation of the lymph glandular tissues

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2
Q

Lymphoma

A

Swelling of lymph (canceR)

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3
Q

NHL stands for

A

Non-hodkin’s lymphoma

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4
Q

FNA stands for

A

. Fine needle aspiration

. Technique used around neck to get sample of lymph node for review

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5
Q

Virchow’s node

A

. Left supraclavicular nodes

. Indication of mediastinal/chest/stomach metastatic cancer

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6
Q

Categories of head and neck masses

A 
. Congenital 
. Neoplastic
. Traumatic 
. Metabolic 
. Infectious 
. Psychogenic/psychosomatic
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7
Q

Examination techniques for head and neck

A

. Inspection
. Palpation (no percussion of neck, only sinuses)
. Auscultation for bruits and airways

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8
Q

Anatomic great vessels of the neck

A

. R/L External jugular v. (Ant. To SCM)
. R/L common carotid a. (Deep to SCM)
. Sternomastoid mm.
.find internal jugular for placing central venous line in neck (lat. to carotid)

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9
Q

Contents of anterior triangle of neck

A

. Mandible, SCM, midline of neck (hyoid, thyroid cartilage, circoid cartilage, tracheal rings, and thyroid gland)

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10
Q

Contents of post. Triangle of neck

A

. SCM
. Trapezius
. Clavicle
. Omohyoid m.

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11
Q

Cervical lymph nodes

A 
. Pre and post. Auricular 
. Occipital 
. Tonsillar 
. Sumandibular 
. Submental 
. Superficial and deep cervical (chain)
. Post. Cervical 
. Supraclavicular 
. Examine cranial to caudal
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12
Q

Concerning head and neck symptoms

A 
. Headache
. Sore throat 
. Swollen glands 
. Goiter
. Hoarseness
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13
Q

Acute hoarseness potential diagnoses

A

. Viral laryngitis
. Bacterial pharyngitis
. Voice overuse
. Neck trauma

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14
Q

Chronic hoarseness differential diagnoses

A 
. Over 2 weeks 
. Hypothyroid
. GERD
. Vocal cord nodules 
. Cancer 
. Parkinson’s 
. Horner’s syndrome (n. Impingement) 
. Myasthenia Gravis
. Amyotrophic lat. sclerosis
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15
Q

Thunder clap headache

A

. Worst headache of life
. Indicative of subarachnoid hemorrhage
. order CT scan of head w/o contrast
. If neg. then spinal tap for blood

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16
Q

Warning signs of cancer

A

. Fever
. Night sweats
. Weight loss

17
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

. High levels T3/4
. Symptoms: nervousness, weight loss, excessive sweating, heat intolerance, palpitations, frequent bowel movements, tremors and/or proximal muscle weakness

18
Q

Graves’ disease

A 
. Hyperthyroidism 
. Eye changes (staring, lid lag, exophthalmos)
. Tachycardia 
. Accentuated S1 
. Tremors and prox. Muscle weakness
19
Q

Hypothyroidism

A 
. Low T3/4
. Fatigue
. Weight gain
. Cool, dry, yellow skin
. Cold intolerance 
. Swelling of hands/face/legs (nonpitting edema)
. Constipation 
. Muscle cramps 
. Impaired memory/hearing loss 
. Bradycardia 
. Peripheral neuropathy 
. Diminished ankle reflexes
20
Q

Primary hypothyroidism

A

. Failure of thyroid gland itself
. Low T3/4
. High TSH and TRH
. Most common

21
Q

Secondary hypothyroidism

A

. Pituitary disease causing reduced TSH
. Rare
. Low T3/4 and TSH
. High TRH

22
Q

Tertiary hypothyroidism

A

. Hypothalamic disease causing dec. TRH
. Most rare
. Low T3/4, TSH, and TRH

23
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

. In ant. Chain: infectious

. In post. Chain: infectious, TB, lymphoma, other neck/head malignancy

24
Q

Lymphoma

A

. NHL or Hodkins
. Painless nodules
. Rule out infectious causes first

25
Q

Brachial cleft cyst

A

. 20% pediatric neck masses

. Infected cyst and ant. Lymph nodes

26
Q

Thyroglossal duct cyst

A

. Midline mass of ant. Neck

. Present as infected cyst/URTI

27
Q

Cat scratch disease

A

. Infection w/ bartonella henselae from cat scratch/bite
. Has primary papule where bite occurred
. Regional lymphadenopathy that is tender in periacuricular, submandibular, or cervical nodes
. Treatment: Azithromycin

28
Q

Types of enlargement of thyroid and most common differentials w/ each type

A

. Diffuse: graves, hashimoto, endemic goiter
. Single node: malignancy vs. benign growth
. Multnodular goiter: metabolic disarrangement vs. malignancy
. Get us initially, then FNA biopsy

29
Q

Enlargement of parotid gland differentials

A

. Acute bilateral: mumps
. Acute unilateral: blocked duct stone (sialolithiasis)
. Acute/chronic unilateral: neoplasm
. Chronic bilateral: obesity, DM, cirrhosis

30
Q

Posterior cervical space contents

A 
. Fat
. Accessory N. XI
. Brachial plexus 
. Lymph nodes 
. Remnants 3rd branchial pouch
31
Q

Posterior cervical space pathology

A 
. Lipoma
. Schwannoma, neurofibromas
. Lymphoma 
. Cystic hygroma, lymphangioma 
. 3rd branchial cleft cyst
32
Q

Bacterial pharyngitis

A 
. Swollen uvula 
. White spots 
. Red, swollen tonsils 
. Throat redness
. Gray, furry tongue
33
Q

Viral pharyngitis

A

. Red, swollen tonsils

. Throat redness

PSP (35 decks)

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