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Anorexia Flashcards

1
Q

Hyporexia

A

Dec. in eating

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2
Q

Anorexia

A

Complete lack of eating

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3
Q

Dysrexia

A

Altered patterns of eating

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4
Q

Broselow chart

A

Measure child’s height with chart and tell you which cart and supplies to use in emergency

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5
Q

Loss of appetite

A

. Do not have the same desire to eat as you used to
. Signs: unintentional weight loss, not feeling hungry, nauseous
. Fatigue from lack of calories
. Can be caused by chronic of long-term fatigue

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6
Q

HPA axis

A

. Many hormones play a role in regulating hunger
. Hypothalamus will release hormone to anterior pituitary
. Ant. Pituitary releases hormones to effect target gland to release target hormone which affects hunger

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7
Q

Leptin

A

Inhibits hunger

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8
Q

Ghrelin

A

Stimulates hunger

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9
Q

Important ROS regarding anorexia

A

General/constitutional, GI and psychiatry

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10
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

. Inflammation of stomach lining and small/large intestine
. Infectious via food, water, or person-person
. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, anorexia
. Lasts 3 days w/o antibiotics (self-limited 1-5 days)

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11
Q

How do diagnose gastroenteritis

A

Clinical/ stool culture, polymerase chain rxn testing and immunoassay

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12
Q

Gastroenteritis treatment

A

. Symptomatic

. Parasitic/ bacterial infections requires anti-infective therapy

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13
Q

Dysentery

A

Infectious diarrhea w/ bloody and mucous/WBCs in stool

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14
Q

Clostridium difficile (C. Diff)

A

Infectious bug produced because of antibiotics but is treated w/ antibiotics

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15
Q

CNS pathologies that could cause anorexia

A

. Symptoms: visual disturbance, headaches, inc. intracranial pressure accompanied by anorexia
. CNS tumors, esp. hypothalamus

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16
Q

Hypogeusia

A

Diminished sense of taste, food less desirable

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17
Q

Vision and hearing problems affecting appetite

A

Interferes with mealtime socialization and causes social isolation
. Interfere with food prep

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18
Q

Common medications associated w/ anorexia

A 
. Stimulants
. Narcotics
. Antidepressants/ psych meds
. Diabetic meds
. Anticonvulsants
. Abrupt stopping of weed
. Antibiotics 
. Chemotherapy 
. Illicit drug use 
. Appetite suppressants
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19
Q

Cachexia

A

Wasting and weakness due to a chronic disease 9wasting syndrome)

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20
Q

HIV

A

. Anorexia and cachexia can accompany this
. Involuntary weight loss and assoc. malnutrition
. Nausea and vomiting from mechanical obstruction, infectious complications, or med side effect
. Cytokine production inc. in HIV and inhibits hunger
. Early satiety from organomegaly
. Esophageal candidiasis

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21
Q

Malnutrition effect on immune function

A

Increases risk of infection and diminish tolerance to radiation, response to chemo, and overall survival

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22
Q

Morbidity vs. mortality

A

. Morbidity: illness

. Mortality: death

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23
Q

Depression and pseudo dementia

A

. Depression and pseudo dementia basically the same thing in elderly
. Low energy can be from under eating that can impair daily functioning
. Treatable with antidepressants

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24
Q

Percentage of adults overweight in US?

A

50% (BMI >25)

25
Q

Percentage of kids overweight and obese

A

. 17% kids overweight

. 15% kids obese

26
Q

Percentage black women overweight

27
Q

Percentage white woman overweight

28
Q

Percentage Hispanic men overweight

29
Q

Percentage white men overweight

30
Q

Percentage black men overweight

31
Q

Which demographics have highest overweight prevalence

A

. Hispanic, black, lower income white adolescents

32
Q

Percentage of people that are overweight that are actually told they are overweight

33
Q

Why obesity is higher in advanced countries

A

Lack of access to healthy food

Education problems

34
Q

Why obesity is lower in 3rd world countries

A

. Malnourishment, low body weights
. Lack of food
. Education problems

35
Q

Obesity increases risk of what diseases?

A 
. Heart disease
. Cancers
. Stroke
. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
. Arthritis 
. Diabetes type 2
. Depression
. Infertility
. Inc. risk of death 
. Low quality of life
36
Q

Factors affecting obesity

A 
. SES
. nutrition
. Genetic makeup
. Degree of fitness
. Mood state
. Early illnesses
. Gender
. Geographic location
37
Q

Steps to promote optimal weight and nutrition

A

. measure BMI and circumference
. Assess dietary intake
. Assess patient’s motivation to change
. Provide counseling about nutrition and exercise

38
Q

What is used to calculate BMI

A

Height and weight

39
Q

WHen is BMI not always indicator of health

A

. Muscular people could have high BMI

. Sick people may have low BMI

40
Q

underweight BMI number

41
Q

Normal BMI number

42
Q

Overweight BMI

43
Q

Obesity class one

44
Q

Obesity class 2 BMI

45
Q

Obesity class III

A

> /= 40

Extreme obesity

46
Q

WHat use instead of BMI for kids?

A

Growth chart
85% in growth chart overweight
95% considered obese
120% extremely obese

47
Q

CHance child is overweight if one parent is obese?

48
Q

CHance child is overweight if both parents are obese?

49
Q

ANorexia nervosa

A 
. Refusal to maintain minimal body weight 
. BMI < 17.5
. Afraid of gaining weight
. Starving, denial
. Issue brought by concerned family
. Assoc. w/ psychological issues
50
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

. Repeated binge eating and self-induced vomiting
. Misuse of laxatives, diuretics, fasting, or excessive exercise
. Normal weight
. Overeating at least once/week
. Preoccupation w/ eating

51
Q

Bulimia nervosa purging

A

Bulimic episodes accompanies by self-induced vomiting/ use of laxative, diuretics or enema

52
Q

Bulimia nervosa non-purging

A

Bulimic episodes accompanies by compensatory behavior (fasting/ excessive exercising

53
Q

Waiste circumference that puts you at risk

A

. Man: 40

. Woman : 35

54
Q

WHen do you not need to look at waist circumference?

A

If BMI is over 40

55
Q

BIological complications cue to eating disorders

A 
. Amenorrhea (lack of menstruation)
. Thyroid disorder
. Osteoporosis 
. Arrhythmia 
. Electrolyte disorders
. Edema
. Dental caries (acid erosion of enamel), fatigue, anemia, weakness, acid erosion on fingers
. Skin issues
56
Q

Mini nutritional assessments

A

. Has food intake declined over past 3 months from loss of appetite, digestive problems, chewing or swallowing difficulties
. Weight loss in last 3 months
. Mobility
. Has suffered psychological stress or acute disease in past 3 months

57
Q

What circumference can you use in mini nutritional assessment if BMI not available?

A

Calf circumference

58
Q

Mini nutritional assessment score ranges and meaning

A

. 12-14: normal nutritional status
. 8-11: at risk of mail nutrition
. 0-7: malnourished

59
Q

Stages of change model

A

. Precontemplation: unaware of problem, no interest in change
. Contemplation: aware of problem, beginning to think to change
. Preparation: realizes benefit of making change and thinking about how to change
. Action: actively taking steps toward change
. Maintenance: initial treatment goals reached

PSP (35 decks)

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