Natural population change Flashcards
Death rate?
avg number of deaths per 1,000
Birth rate?
avg number of births in a year for 1,000
Infant mortality rate?
number of children who die before their first birthday per 1,000
Replacement rate?
extent to which population is replacing itself - difference between births and deaths
Fertility rate?
average number of children a women is expected to give birth too - HICS:2/LICS:5
Natural change?
difference between birth and death rates
What is birth and death rate like in stage 1?
birth rate = high
death rate = high
Why are there high birth rates in stage 1?
- limited control/family planning
- high infant mortality rate - encourages more children
- religions encourage fertility
What are the reasons for high death rate in stage 1?
- disease
- poor nutrition/famine
- poor hygiene
- underdeveloped health facilities
What is birth and death rate like in stage 2?
birth rate = high
death rate = falling
Why are there falling death rates in stage 2?
- economic development
- improved health care
- better nutrition
- lower child mortality
- economic development
What is birth and death rate like in stage 3?
birth rate = falls
death rate = continues to fall
Reasons for falling birth rates in stage 3?
- access to education
- smaller families preferred
- change in social trends
- personal wealth
- children more expensive
Birth ad death rate in stage 4?
birth rate = low
death rate = low
Why are birth and death rate low in stage 4?
- emancipation of woman
- personal lifestyles
- high incomes
