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Geography - population > Malaria > Flashcards

Malaria Flashcards

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1
Q

What is malaria?

A

A tropical vector borne disease

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2
Q

What is it transmitted by?

A

Insects like mosquitoes

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3
Q

How many people live in areas at risk of malaria?

A

3.4 billion people

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4
Q

Where do most cases of malaria occur?

A

Across Sub-Saharan Africa

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5
Q

What are symptoms of malaria?

A

Fever
Headache
Vomiting

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6
Q

Where do mosquitos breed?

A

Stagnant water

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7
Q

What temperatures do mosquitos require?

A

Between 16 and 32 degrees

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8
Q

What have studies in India shown?

A

Those living in proximity to forests areas are more susceptible to infection

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9
Q

Why is malaria mainly concentrated in LIC’s?

A

Lack of investment for new drugs/vaccines/control

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10
Q

What type of housing quality increases the likelihood of malaria?

A

Bamboo/wood
Palm leaves
Poorly fitted windows
Overcrowded rooms

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11
Q

What have studies in Ethiopia shown?

A

That highland farmers who seasonally migrate to find work in lowland areas are prone to malarial infection

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12
Q

What is there a strong positive correlation between?

A

Income and the use of prevention methods

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13
Q

What can those with higher incomes spend their money on?

A

Repellents, nets, and coils

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14
Q

How can education affect likelihood of getting malaria?

A

Those with a clear understanding of link between malaria and environmental conditions are more likely to use prevention strategies

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15
Q

What percentage of malaria deaths occur in Africa?

A

90%

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16
Q

What are the effects of malaria on surrounds/lifestyles etc?

A
  • increases school absences
  • decreases tourism
  • inhibits foreign investment
  • affects crop production
17
Q

What are the costs to the government for malaria?

A
  • maintenance
  • supply
  • health facilities
  • control
18
Q

What have direct costs of malaria been per year

A

Around $12 billion

19
Q

What do WHO suggest the key interventions to control malaria are?

A
  • effective treatment
  • use of nets
  • repellent spray
20
Q

What is the problem with repellents?

A

Many of the parasites have become resistant

21
Q

How much can bed nets reduce malaria transmissions by?

A

90%

22
Q

What can burning of coils do?

A

Generate smoke that controls mosquitos

23
Q

What percentage did the substantial expansion of malaria interventions decrease malaria by?

A

42%

24
Q

What does WHO set the target of reducing malaria by?

A

By 40% in 2020

25
Q

Between 2010 and 2015 what happened to malaria incidences?

A

They fell by 21%

Geography - population (42 decks)

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