Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

block 15 anna > nats notes other half > Flashcards

nats notes other half Flashcards

1
Q

Primary adrenal insufficiency-

A

issue with the gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

secondary adrenal insufficiency

A

issue stimulating the gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

primary adrenal insufficiency results in

A

addisons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

addisons symptoms

A 
chronic malaise lassitude/lethargy 
fatigue that is worsened by exertion and improved with bed rest 
weakness generalised 
anorexia 
weight loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

signs

A 
Gastrointestinal complains
Hypotension 
Electrolyte abnormalities 
Hypoglycaemia
Hyperpigmentation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hypoglycaemia in addisons is due to

A

depleted cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hyperpigmentation in addisons is due to

A

due to increased ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

causes of addisons

A 
auto-immune 
infection
Infiltration
Infarction
Haemorrhage 
Adrenoleukodystrophy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

diagnosing adrenal insufficiency

A

Synacthen test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is Synacthen test

A

synthetic ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is increased in addisons

A

ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does ACTH come from

A

anterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Autoimmune Poly-glandular Syndromes

A

group of rare diseases characterized by autoimmune activity against more than one endocrine organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when is ACTH reduced

A

secondary adrenal insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what type of APS is more common in children

A

APS type 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

APS type 1

A

chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
hypoparathyroidism
Addison’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

APS type 2

A

Addison’s disease
autoimmune thyroid disease
diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what can adrenal crisis in addisons be precipitated by

A

infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

main factor precipitating adrenal crisis

A

mineralocorticoid

20
Q

biggest manifestation of adrenal shock

A

hypotension

21
Q

longterm treatment of addisons

A

Hydrocortisone
Fludrocortisone
Androgen replacement
HPA axis suppression

22
Q

rules of steroids

A

never stop taking
carry card
double does in illness

23
Q

cushings syndrome

A

prolonged exposure to elevated levels of glucocorticoids

24
Q

most common cause of cushings

A

exogenous corticosteroid use

25
Q

Cushing’s disease

A

ACTH producing pituitary adenoma causing hypercortisolaemia

26
Q

ACTH dependant cushings causes

A

pituitary adenoma or ectopic ACTH production

27
Q

ACTH independant cushings causes

A

majority cause by exogenous steroids or adrenal adenomas/carcinomas

28
Q

diagnosis of cushings

A

blood abnormalities
raised WBC
hyperglycaemia
hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis

29
Q

humeral control of BP

A

RAAS

30
Q

naural BP regulation

A

baroreceptors

31
Q

where are the baroreceptors

A

aortic arch carotid bodies

32
Q

what happens if BP increases (neural regulation)

A

If BP increases baroreceptors stimulate nucleus of solitary tract which stimulates vagus nerve to reduce HR and reduce BP

33
Q

shocks

A 
anaphylactic 
cardiogenic 
hypovolemic 
neurogenic 
septic
34
Q

cardiac output equation

A

stroke X heart rate

35
Q

pressure equation

A

flow X output

36
Q

primary problems of hypovolaemia

A

low volume

fall in cardiac output

37
Q

compensatory mechs of hypovolaemia

A

increased resistance (R), tachycardia, but cardiac output falls, hypotension

38
Q

hypovolaemis signs

A

cold, clammy, peripheries
tachycardia
prolonged capillary refill time
empty veins

39
Q

compensation of pump failure

A

increased resistance (R), tachycardia

40
Q

clinical pump failure signs

A

cold, clammy peripheries
tachycardia
prolonged capillary refill time
raised JVP

41
Q

vasodilation compensation

A

tachycardia, cardiac output rises

42
Q

vasodilation signs

A

warm dry peripheries
tachycardia
short capillary refill time
BOUNDING pulse

43
Q

signs of shock

A

oliguria

altered consiousness

44
Q

intrinsic causes of pump failure

A

muscle, conduction tissue, valves

45
Q

extrinsic pump failure

A

obstruction- pulmonary embolus
compression- tamponade (fluid fills the pericardium)
blood supply

46
Q

tamponade

A

fluid fills the pericardium

block 15 anna (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions