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block 15 anna > lecture 5 malnutrition and malabsorption > Flashcards

lecture 5 malnutrition and malabsorption Flashcards

1
Q

where is food absorbed into in the GI tract

A

portal vein and thoracic duct

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2
Q

main food

A

carbs 2/3
protein
lipids

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3
Q

kwashikor

A

lack of proteins

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4
Q

Marasmus

A

total dietry lack

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5
Q

Marasmus symtoms

A

apathy, diarrhoea, hepatomegaly, muscle wasting, oedema, anaemia, stomatitis

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6
Q

stomatitis

A

mouth ulcers

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7
Q

anorexia

A

suppression of appetite

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8
Q

what promotes loss of appetite

A

intense cytokine release

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9
Q

inability to swallow

A

dysphagia

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10
Q

what happens to weight in thyrotoxicosis

A

lose weight

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11
Q

commonest malnutrition

A

iron

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12
Q

why might you be iron deficient

A

vegetarian

menses

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13
Q

what anaemia do you get with menses

A

hypochromic

microcytic

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14
Q

where do you find iron

A

red meat

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15
Q

B6 deficiency

A

neuropathy

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16
Q

B1 defcient

A

cardiomyopathy

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17
Q

B2 deficiency

A

stomatitis

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18
Q

niacin deficiency

A

pellagra

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19
Q

pellagra

A

diarrhoea, dermatitis and dementia

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20
Q

folic acid deficiency anaemia

A

megaloblastic

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21
Q

vit D eficiency

A

osteomalacia

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22
Q

who has less cells for Vit D production

A

darker people

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23
Q

B12 deficiency

A

megalosblastic anaemia

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24
Q

SCAD

A

Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord

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25
B12 deficiency
ataxia and dementia
26
Vit C deficiency
scruvy
27
what happens in scurvy
collagen fails to be mineralised properly
28
Vit K deficient
coagulopathy
29
who gets vitK deficient
alcoholics
30
what is needed for vit D absorption
calcium
31
fat soluble vitamins
ADEK
32
water soluble vitamins
B and C
33
carbs are broken down to
polysaccharides
34
where are carbohydrate enzymes
on the brush border of the small bowel
35
lack of carbohydrate enzymes
lactose intolerant people
36
what are fats broken down into
fatty acids and monoglycerides
37
chewing
mastication
38
galnds that secrete amylase and lipase
parotid, submandibular, submaxillary glands
39
where are protein digesting enzymes
stomach
40
what does the chyme pass to get into the small bowel
pylorus
41
vagus nerve activity
stimulated acetylecholine production histamine release lower pH
42
what causes the vagal activity
stretch of the food in the stomach
43
hormones produces in the stomach
gastrin and histamine
44
what do gastrin and histamine do
make parietal cells and the chief cells to increase acid production and pepsinogen enzymes
45
where are pancreatic juices delivered
duodenum by the ampulla
46
endocrine function of the pancreas
insulin
47
exocrine secretions of the pancreas
bicarbonates, secretin and cholecystokinin and enzymes
48
the ducts
two hepatic common hepatic plus cystic duct forms common bile duct
49
what isinvolved in the emulsification of fat
bile acids
50
what is fat sesnedby
cholecystokinin
51
ileum absorbes
``` B12 and intrinsic factor bile acids (recycles) ```
52
indigestible thing passed on to the colon
starch
53
directionality of enterocytes
polarised
54
Giardiasis
diarrhoea and bloating
55
whipples
villi atrophy
56
what does luminal bacterial overgrowth cause
high folate to B12
57
causes of bacterial overgrowth
diverticulosis blind ended loop motility disorders
58
who might you find a blind ended loop in
older people who had peptic ulcer surgery
59
examples of motility disorders
diabetes
60
scleroderma
connective tissue disorder
61
what do you find gluten in
cereal
62
what happens to the villi in coeliac
flattened
63
what happens to the crypts in coeliac disease
shorten
64
best test for coeliac disease
anti tissue transglutaminase antibody
65
what secondary effects does coeliac disease have
iron deficiency, folate deficiency and osteomalacia
66
if you have a billiary tract problem what wont be absorbed
ADEK
67
ADEK malabsorption
coagulopathy, osteomalacia, ataxia, night blindness and xerophthalmia
68
xerophthalmia
dry eyes
69
where isintrincic factor produced
stomach
70
most common cause of pancreatitis
alcoholism
71
what can obstruct the pancreatic duct
tumour
72
what do you present with if there is a pancreatic duct tumour
jaundice
73
Zollinger ellison syndrome
endocrine neoplasia which affects the pancreas

block 15 anna (15 decks)

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