lecture 12 cancer in the GI Flashcards

1
Q

most common tumours of the GI

A

adenocarcinome

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2
Q

symptoms of GI cancer

A

wightloss
bleeding
pain
alteration of flow

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3
Q

alterations of flow

A

dysphagia
diarrhoea
constipation

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4
Q

occult poo

A

when you cant see it

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5
Q

epigastric pai

A

foregut

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6
Q

periumbiliacal pain

A

midgut

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7
Q

pain of cancer

A

visecral - poorly localised

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8
Q

usual spread

A

liver and lungs

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9
Q

risk factors

A
diet - high carb and fat
smoking
alcohol
inflammation
genetic
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10
Q

familial cancers

A

HNPCC

FAP

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11
Q

oesophagus is lined with

A

squamous epithelium

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12
Q

where do you find oesophageal squamous carcinoma

A

middle

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13
Q

where are oesophageal adenocarcinomas

A

typically lower down

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14
Q

adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus

A

barrettes

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15
Q

in adenocarcinoma what is the change of the epithelium

A

squamous to columnar

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16
Q

symptoms of oesophageal cancer

A

difficulty swallowing

17
Q

pain on swallowing

A

odynophagia

18
Q

risk factors of pancreatic cancer

A

smoking
diabetes
chronic pancreatitis

19
Q

oncogene almost always mutated in pancreatic

A

KRAS

20
Q

tumour suppressor affected in pancreatic

A

CDKN2A

21
Q

pancreatic symptoms

A

unlikely
pain
obstructive jaundice

22
Q

Migratory thrombophlebitis

A

is inflammation of superficial veins and appears in different places

23
Q

sign of pancreatic malignancy

A

Migratory thrombophlebitis

24
Q

neoplastic colon polyps

A

adenocarcinoma

25
Q

FAP inheritance

A

autosomal dominant

26
Q

FAP mutation

A

APC

27
Q

APC is in cahrge of

A

beta catalyn and the wnt signalling

28
Q

lynch syndrome

A

HNPCC

29
Q

in HNPCC where is the problem

A

DNA mismatch repair

30
Q

what increases chance of malignancy with polyps

A

the size

31
Q

intestinal type gastric cancer mutation

A

increase in wnt signalling

32
Q

diffuse infiltrative type gastric cancer mutation

A

E-cadherin (CDH1)