Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Nagi's 1st/2nd Leacture CVS > Flashcards

Nagi's 1st/2nd Leacture CVS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the kind of oxygen in the arteries and veins in the pulmonary circulation

A

Arteries deoxygenated

Veins oxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the kind of oxygen in the arteries and veins in the systemic circulation

A

Arteries oxygenated

Veins deoxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is the heart output in the systemic circulation are equal to the heart output in the pulmonary circulation

A

Yes they hace the same value

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the main function of the atrium

A

It ia to reserve blood not pump it to the ventricle it only pumps 30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which one is essential for life the atrium or the ventricle

A

The ventricle it pumps the blood to the body and it also take the blood from the atrium 70% by. Suction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the are the types of the heart values

A

1- semi-lunar

2- AV valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which heart valve have a two cuspids only

A

The mitral valves between the left atrium and ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the highest pressure in the pulmonary circulation

A

20-30 mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the highest pressure in the systemic circulation

A

It is 100-140mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the functions of the AV node

A

1- it works as a capel between the SA node and the ventricles
2- it works in case of SA node get damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How many impulse does the SA nodes generate in the min

A

100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many impulses does the AV node send in the min

A

60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the cordae tendineae

A

They prevent the valves from opening the opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens in the case of blockage of the AV bundle

A

One of the purkenje cells works as a node bybrate 20-40min temporary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is syncitium

A

It a connection between the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the types of the syncitium

A

Two types functional and anatomical
The anatomical when there is no cell wall between the cells
And fuctional when there is a gap junction between the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many types of syncitia does the heart has

A

Two
1-for atriumial contraction
2- for ventriclal contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What happens in the phase 0 of fast response of AP

A

activation of Na fast channels
Activation of L type Ca channels at -40mv

Depolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens at the 1 phase of fast response of AP

A

Inactivation of Na fast channels
Activation of K channels
Activation of Cl channels

Partial repolarization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens at the phase 2 in the fast response AP

A 
It is called the plateau 
The Ca channels opens
The L type Ca channels become fully active 
The Ca influx equals K influx 
At the end of the phase 
Na/Ca exchanger works
The L type channel stops
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What happens at the phase 3 of fast response AP

A

The K influx continue after becoming not equal with Ca influx due to Na/Ca exchanger

But at -40mv the DRK stops and IRK continue instead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens at the phase 4 of fast response AP

A

The Na/K keep the normal membrane potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

When does the systole happens according the electrical changes f the heart

A

Immediately after or shortly after the depolarization start

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When does the diastole happens according the electrical changes f the heart

A

At the end of the palteau

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

When does the systole end according the electrical changes f the heart

A

At the end of the plateau

26
Q

How long do the diastole last

A

Double time of the 3rd phase

27
Q

How much time does the mechanical changes take comparing electrical

A

1/2

28
Q

What are the phases that the absolute recovery period takes

A

Electrical 0,1,2,and early3

Mechanical all systolic and early diastolic

29
Q

What are the phases the relative recovery period cover

A

Electrical rest of 3

30
Q

What is the vulnerable phase of the heart

A

It is the supranormal late of phase 3

31
Q

Which vagus nerve supply the the SA node

A

The right vagus nerve

32
Q

Which vagus nerve supply the the AV node

A

It is the left vagus

33
Q

What is the vagus parasympathetic effect on the SA node

A

It decreases its rate form 100 to 72

34
Q

What is the called the rhythm of the purkinje cell that get converted to peace maker

A

It is called idiovent rhythm

35
Q

What is the rate of the idiovent rhythm

A

20-40

36
Q

What is the difference between the atriumal and the ventricle AP

A

Same but in the atrium the plateau is shorter

37
Q

What happens at the phase 0 in the pacemaker potential

A

The cell excitablty will gonfrom -60 to -50 by the influx of the Na and then from -50 to -40 by Ca influx

38
Q

What is the name id the Na channel that cause the exiatablty of pacemaker potential in the phase 4

A

Called Non specific Na channel and it make K enter too

39
Q

What is the name id the Ca channel that cause the exiatablty of pacemaker potential in the phase 4

A

It is T type Ca channel

40
Q

What happens at phase 0 in the pacemaker potential

A

1-the T type Ca channels inactive

2- L type Ca channels get active

41
Q

What happens at phase 3 of pacemaker potential

A

1-L type Ca channels stops

2-the DRK start

42
Q

Does the pacemaker potential happens in the systolic or in the diastolic

A

In diastolic because the heart contracts after electric production

43
Q

What are the phase that are miised in the pacemaker potential

A

1,2
Rapid partial repolarization
Plateau

44
Q

Which potential has stable resting membrane potential

The artial and ventricular or the pacemaker potential

A

The atrial and ventricular has stable

But the pacemaker potential does not has a stable one

45
Q

What is the effect of sympathetic impulses on the heart

A

It will increase the heart rate tachycardia or +ve chronotropy

46
Q

Which receptors does the sympathetic effect the heart by

A

Beta-1

47
Q

How does the sympathetic increase the heart rate

A

1-increase the funny flow
2- making the slope in phase 4 sloper
3-reach the threshold of the phase 0 faster

48
Q

What is the effect of the parasympathetic on the heart and on which receptor

A

It decreases the rate (bradycardia )
Or -ve chronotropy

Muscarinic receptor

49
Q

How does the parasympathetic effect the heart

A

By activation of K ACH channel that will increase the K efflux which will decrease the slope of phase 4

50
Q

How does the catecholamines effet the heart

A

It does like the same as sympathetic

51
Q

What is the effect of the temperature on the heart rate

A

Every increase by 1C it decreases the Ht by 10 times and vice versa

52
Q

What is the effect of hypokalemia on the heart rate

A

Tachycardia because less K in the ECF means less K efflux means the cell is more negative and close to the threshold

53
Q

What is the effect of hyperkalemia on the heart rate

A

Bradycardia because more K in the ECF means more K efflux means the cell is more positive and away from the threshold

54
Q

The Ca channels blocker on which type of ca channels

A

Ca L type

55
Q

What does the heart conductivity depends on

A

Number of gap junctions

Amplitude and speed if the upstroke (phase 4)

56
Q

What it is possible to effect the Gap junction ability

A

1- low level of O means less ATP

2- high level of Ca it effects the ions flow due to the التنافر

57
Q

What are the factors the effect the velocity of the heart conductivity

A

1- Autonomic parasympathetic slower upstroke
Sympathetic faster upstroke

2-drugs like digitalis as para

58
Q

What is the velocity of the impulse in the atrial

A

1-atrial myoctes 0.5m/s

2-Internodal bundle 1

59
Q

What is the velocity of the impulse in the AV node

A

The slowest 0.05m/s

60
Q

What is the velocity of the impulse if the ventricle

A

I -AV bundle 2
2-purkinges 4
3-ventricular myocytes

61
Q

What is the impotence on the AV node slowness

A

1- delay the ven contraction : more time to fill

Protect the ventricle against the high pathological Atrial rhythms

Physiology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions