Autonomic

Question 1

Do the both myelinated and unmyelinated have schwan cells and what is the difference

Answer 1

Yes they both have but in the inmyelinated it is not active

Question 2

Why is the schwan cells are so important

Answer 2

Because they form the neurolemma that give the neurons the ability to regenerate

Question 3

Which part of the body was a ganglion in the embryonic life

Answer 3

The adrenal madula

Question 4

They sympathitic do vasoconstriction in all vessels except

Answer 4

The somatic vessels

Coronary arteries

Question 5

How does the sympathetic effect the reticular formation

Answer 5

It lowers the threshold so we get more alerted

Question 6

What is horner’s syndrome

Answer 6

It is any lesion ior tumer or trama to the cervical ganglion or T1,T2

Question 7

What does horner syndrome do

Answer 7

It cause lose unilateral sympathetic supply to the neck and head

Question 8

What does the scaral centers control in the ANS

Answer 8

Erection
Defeation
Peeing

Question 9

What does the madulla oblingata control in the ANS

Answer 9

Cardio vascular

Respiration

Question 10

What does the mid brain control in the ANS

Answer 10

The eye

Question 11

What does the hypothalamus control in the ANS

Answer 11

Thermostat
Glucostat
Appetitestat

Question 12

What does the lympbic system control in the ANS

Answer 12

The emotional reflexes

The behavioral reflexes

Question 13

What are the components of the ACh

Answer 13

Achytl CoA

Choline

Question 14

What is the name of the enzyme that is involved in the ACh synthesis

Answer 14

Choline acetyl transferase

Question 15

How is the ACh is removed

Answer 15

By distraction

Question 16

Why we distract ACh instead of removing it

Answer 16

Because the accumulation of the ACh is so dangerous

Question 17

What does the accumulation of the ACh do

Answer 17

It doea parasympatheticover

By lowering HR and constriction of branches

Question 18

What is the name if the enzyme that is involved in ACh distraction

Answer 18

It is called ACh estrase

Question 19

How many types of the ACh estrase do we have ans where are they

Answer 19

We have two rypes true and pseudo

True in the nerves ending

Pseudo in the plasma

Question 20

What is the most famous anti ACh estrase drug

Answer 20

Physostigmine

Question 21

What is the name of the efferents that are leaving the CNS

Answer 21

Called centeral

Question 22

What are the types of the central efferents

Answer 22

Somatic

Perganglionic autonomic

Question 23

What are the name of the efferents that are the leaving the ganglions

Answer 23

Peripheral efferents

Question 24

What are the types of the peripheral efferents

Answer 24

Pos ganglion sympathatic

Pos ganglion parasympathetic

Question 25

What is the chemical transmitter that is used in the ganglions

Answer 25

ACh

Question 26

What is the chemicla transmitter of the parasympathetic

Answer 26

ACh

Question 27

What is the chemical transmitter of the sympathetic

Answer 27

Nor epi except the sweet glands and the blood vessels of the skeletal muscles

Question 28

What is the use name of the central cholinergic receptors

Answer 28

Nicotinic receptors

Question 29

Why is the nicotinic receptors called like this

Answer 29

Because they are sensitive to nicotine

Question 30

What is the used name of the peripheral cholinergic receptors

Answer 30

Muscarinic

Question 31

How many types of cholinergic receptors we have

Answer 31

Nicotinic | Muscarinic

Question 32

What is the drug that stimuli nicotinic receptors

Answer 32

Nicotine small dose

Question 33

What drug stimulates mascarinic receptors directly

Answer 33

Pilocarpine

Question 34

What are the drugs that stimuli the chloinergic receptors indirectly

Answer 34

ACh estrases like prostigmine

Question 35

What is the treatment for the war gases and patients with insecticide that has anti AChestrase

Answer 35

We give him Atropin to stop the para

Question 36

What is the blocker of the nicotinic receptors

Answer 36

Nicotinic high dose

Question 37

What is the blocker of the N-M junction

Answer 37

Curare

Question 38

What is the blocker of the muscarinic receptors

Answer 38

Atropine

Question 39

What is the difference between the adrenaline and noradrenaline

Answer 39

Adrenaline is a hormone | Noradrenaline is neurotransmitters

Question 40

Which is stronger epi ir norepi and how many time

Answer 40

Epi is stronger by 10 times

Question 41

What is the formation chain of the nor adrenaline

Answer 41

Phenylalanine tyrosine Dopa dopamine Nor adrenaline Adrenaline

Question 42

In how many ways we get rid of noradrenaline from the synapse

Answer 42

1- 80% re uptake by the neuron 2-blood diffusion 3-MAO monoamino oxidase 4-COMT catechol-o-methyltransferase

Question 43

Where is the MAO exists

Answer 43

Liver kidney CNS

Question 44

Where is the COMT enzyme exist

Answer 44

Liver kidney

Question 45

Where is the beta -2 receptors exists and what do they don

Answer 45

``` They are inhibitors Branchiol nuscles Blood vessels expect skeleton muscles vessels Stomach wall Bladder wall ```

Question 46

Where is the beta -1 receptors exists and what do they don

Answer 46

Heart Hormones Metabolic Adrenergic nerves

Question 47

Where is the alpha -1 receptors exists and what do they do

Answer 47

Pupillary dilator Spleen Sphincters

Question 48

Where is the alpha -2 receptors exists and what do they do

Answer 48

Intestines walls | Adrenergic nerve

Question 49

Which receptors are effected by the epi

Answer 49

Alpha ثم alpha ثم alpha ثم beta

Question 50

How does the adrenaline effects the alpha and the beta receptors

Answer 50

It effects them both equally

Question 51

What is the blocker of the alpha

Answer 51

Phentalamine

Question 52

What blockes the beta rec

Answer 52

Propronolol

Question 53

What are the adrenergic nerve endings stimuli drugs

Answer 53

Amphetamine | Ephedrine

Question 54

What are the adrenergic nerve ending inhibitors drugs

Answer 54

False transmiten methyl dope | Guanithidine

Question 55

Are the epi and nor epi hormones or neurotransmitters with explanation

Answer 55

They are hormones and neurotransmitters but the epi work as neurotransmitters in the CNS only but the nor epi work in the CNS and in the PNS in the sympathetic

Question 56

What is the effect if the nor epi on the systolic and diastolic pressure

Answer 56

It increases both | Diastolic by VC and systolic by Heart rate

Question 57

What is the effect of the epi on the systolic and diastolic pressure

Answer 57

It increases systolic by heart rate | But do not effect the diastolic because it do VD