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That Is All > Myth & Legend > Flashcards

Myth & Legend Flashcards

1
Q

King of Crete
Palace at Knossos
Refused to sacrifice a white bull to Poseidon
As punishment, his wife Pasiphae fell in love with it and fathered the Minotaur
Ordered Daedalus to build the labyrinth to contain it

A

MINOS

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2
Q

Wife of Minos
Mother of Ariadne & Phaedra
Fell in love with the white bull and gave birth to the Minotaur

A

PASIPHAE

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3
Q

Bull-man
Placed in the labyrinth by Minos
Slain by Theseus

A

MINOTAUR

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4
Q

Lydian king
Sentenced in the afterlife to always be out of reach of fruit & water

A

TANTALUS

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5
Q

Daughter of Tantalus
Turned to stone while weeping over her children’s deaths

A

NIOBE

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6
Q

Princess of Crete
Daughter of Minos
Helped Theseus escape the labyrinth with thread
Abandoned on Naxos by Theseus
Became wife of Dionysus (or Bacchus, as in a Titian work)

A

ARIADNE

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7
Q

Muse of astronomy

A

URANIA

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8
Q

Muse of love poetry

A

ERATO

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9
Q

Muse of sacred poetry

A

POLYHYMNIA

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10
Q

Muse of epic poetry
Mother of Orpheus
Shares name with a hummingbird & a musical instrument

A

CALLIOPE

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11
Q

Muse of comedy
(sometimes of pastoral poetry)

A

THALIA

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12
Q

Muse of tragedy

A

MELPOMENE

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13
Q

Muse of music
(sometimes the flute)

A

EUTERPE

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14
Q

Muse of dance

A

TERPSICHORE
(a dancer is a TERPSICHOREAN)

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15
Q

Muse of history
Shares name with an advertising award

A

CLIO

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16
Q

King of Thebes
Solved the Sphinx’s riddle
As foreseen by Delphi oracle, kills his father and weds his mother unwittingly and then blinds himself upon the realization
Subject of Sophocles’ plays “____ Rex” (or “Tyrannos”) & “____ at Colonus”

A

OEDIPUS

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17
Q

King of Thebes
Father of Oedipus
Slain by Oedipus

A

LAIUS

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18
Q

Mother of Oedipus
Spouse of Oedipus
Mother of Eteocles, Polynices, Antigone, & Ismene

A

JOCASTA

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19
Q

After a weaving contest against Athena, the goddess turns her into a spider

A

ARACHNE

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20
Q

Craftsman and inventor
Banished from Athens
Built Pasiphae’s wooden cow (to mate with the white bull)
Built Minos’ labyrinth, in which he was later imprisoned
Built wax & feather wings for him and his son Icarus to escape Crete

A

DAEDALUS

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21
Q

Son of Daedalus
Did not heed his father’s warning
Flew too high and melted his wax wings
Subject of a Serge Lifar ballet, a Pieter Bruegel painting, and a W. H. Auden poem

A

ICARUS

22
Q

Son of Theseus

A

HIPPOLYTUS

23
Q

Daughter of Crete’s King Minos & his wife Pasiphae
Wife of Theseus
Falls in love with stepson Hippolytus, he rejects her, she hangs herself
Subject of Jean Racine’s 1677 tragedy

A

PHAEDRA

24
Q

Amazon queen
Her belt/girdle was one of Hercules’ labours
Wife of Theseus
Appears in A Midsummer Night’s Dream and in Wonder Woman (as her mother)

A

HIPPOLYTA

25
Q

Father of Theseus
Thinking his son dead, threw himself into the sea that now bears his name

A

AEGEUS
(AEGEAN Sea)

26
Q

Mythical founder of Athens
Slew Minotaur of Crete (with aid from Ariadne, whom he later abandoned on Naxos)
Married Hippolyta (Amazon queen) & Phaedra
Duke of Athens in “A Midsummer Night’s Dream”
Portrayed by Henry Cavill in “The Immortals” (2011)

A

THESEUS

27
Q

Son of Helios
Took sun chariot & ended up crashing it
Now the name for a certain kind of car or horse carriage

A

PHAETON

28
Q

Legendary founder of Russia
Viking who settled in Novgorod, 862 CE
His dynasty lasted until 1598, when the Time of Troubles began

A

RURIK

29
Q

Sister & daughter of Oedipus, daughter of Jocasta
Forbidden from burying her brother Polynices, commits suicide
Subject of a Sophocles play (& a later adaptation by Jean Anhouil)

A

ANTIGONE

30
Q

Last Lydian king
Defeated by Cyrus of Persia
Incredibly wealthy
Part of a saying, “As rich as…”

A

CROESUS

31
Q

Previously a nymph
Now a monster with 6 dog heads
Sits on mainland Italian side of Strait of Messina

A

SCYLLA

32
Q

Whirlpool monster
Lies on the Sicily side of the Strait of Messina

A

CHARYBDIS

33
Q

Wife of Orpheus
Dies of a snake bite
He rescues her from Hades, only to lose her by looking back

A

EURYDICE

34
Q

Thracian musician
Son of Apollo (god of music) & Calliope (muse of epic poetry)
Sailed with the Argo, saved them from sirens
Calmed the furies and Cerberus
Subject of Offenbach’s him “in the Underworld” and Rilke’s “Sonnets to” him

A

ORPHEUS

35
Q

Constellation that supposedly belonged to Orpheus

A

LYRA
THE LYRE

36
Q

Creation of Pygmalion
Shares name with Nereid who loved Alcis the Shepherd
Also title of a Cervantes work & a moon of Neptune

A

GALATEA

37
Q

Mythical sculptor
Carved Galatea out of ivory, whom he fell in love with
She was given life by Aphrodite
Inspired a G.B. Shaw play

A

PYGMALION

38
Q

Handsome youth loved by Aphrodite
Guarded by Persephone
A hunter, killed by a wild boar
His blood became red anemones
Shakespeare wrote a 1593 poem of “Venus &” him

A

ADONIS

39
Q

One of the 5 rivers of Hades
River of forgetfulness or oblivion

A

LETHE

40
Q

Son of Poseidon & Amphitrite
Subject of a Bernini fountain in Rome
Namesake of Neptune’s biggest moon, Ariel’s dad, a sea snail, nuclear submarine that circumnavigated the world

A

TRITON

41
Q

Brother of Zeus & Hades
husband of Amphitrite
father of Triton, Pegasus, Orion, Polyphemus, Percy Jackson
Associated with Atlantis, tridents, horses, the Cretan bull

A

POSIEDON (Greek)
NEPTUNE (Roman)

42
Q

Shape-changing sea god
Also namesake of 2nd-largest moon of Neptune, one of the “Two Gentlemen of Verona”, and a syndrome

A

PROTEUS

43
Q

Kind of sea nymph associated with Poseidon
Name means “unmistakable”
Also the name of Neptune’s 3rd largest moon

A

NEREID

44
Q

River nymph
Name comes from “to flow”
Also a moon of Neptune

A

NAIAD

45
Q

Wood nymph
Eurydice (Orpheus’ wife) was one
Keats called the nightingale “light-winged ____ of the trees”

A

DRYAD

46
Q

Queen of Ethiopia
Wife of Cepheus
Mother of Andromeda

A

CASSIOPEIA

47
Q

Nymph loved by Zeus
Turned into a bear by Hera
Associated with Ursa Major and Arcas, her son by Zeus, with Ursa Minor
Namesake of a moon of Jupiter

A

CALLISTO

48
Q

Character appearing in a German town
Leads away rats but, when stiffed on payment, does the same to the kids
Subject of a Robert Browning poem
Namesake of a fictional tech company
Nowadays refers to one who makes false promises

A

PIED PIPER OF HAMELIN

49
Q

Twin children of Mars & Rhea set adrift on the Tiber
Suckled by a she-wolf on Palatine Hill
The former kills the latter after a disagreement over augury, and then founds a city

A

ROMULUS & REMUS

50
Q

Pacific goddess of fire & volcanoes
Associated with Kilauea

A

PELE

That Is All (34 decks)

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