Medicine Flashcards by Daniel P

Inflammation of the “voice box”
Can cause hoarseness or voice loss

LARYNGITIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

From Greek for “panting”
Causes wheezing
Chronic disease most common in children (~10%)
Sometimes begins as allergy
Treated with EPHEDRINE or a BRONCHODILATOR such as Albuterol
“Awareness Day” in May

ASTHMA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Stomach bug (gastroenteritis)
Common on cruise ships
Named for 1968 outbreak in OHIO

NOROVIRUS
NORWALK VIRUS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Genetic disorder
Common in Ashkenazi Jews
Named for a British ophthalmologist & an American neurologist

TAY-SACHS DISEASE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Also called Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
Common in runners (especially on hard surfaces)
Pain & inflammation around the TIBIA

SHIN SPLINTS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ADRENAL insufficiency
Experienced by JFK

ADDISON’S DISEASE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inflammation of the bronchi/larynx/trachea
Causes a “barking cough”
Common in children under 3

CROUP

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Redness of facial skin
Resembles flushing or blushing

ROSACEA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hardening of arteries

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Hardening of arteries caused by PLAQUE

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Nervous system disease
Attacks MYELIN
Abbreviated MS

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inflammation of veins
Common in legs

PHLEBITIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bulging & thinning of blood vessel
Can burst, causing a stroke

ANEURYSM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

One of a trio in a common vaccine
1925 outbreak in NOME, Alaska led to BALTO’s heroic serum run

DIPHTHERIA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

One of a trio in a common vaccine
Also called “whooping cough”

PERTUSSIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

One of a trio in a common vaccine
Also called “lockjaw”
Can be obtained from cuts as a clostridium infection

TETANUS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Split in the roof of the mouth
Possibly experienced by Tutankhamun

CLEFT PALATE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inner ear problem
Can cause dizziness & tinnitus
Named for a French physician

MENIERE’S DISEASE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Clotting in blood vessel
If moves, can become EMBOLISM
Can be “deep vein”

THROMBOSIS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blockage in blood vessel
Can be air, a clot, or something else

EMBOLISM

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Greek for “lacking blood”
Lack of IRON, HEMOGLOBIN, or RED BLOOD CELLS

ANEMIA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Also called “shaking palsy”
Causes tremors
Named for British doctor James, first described in 1817
Treated with L-DOPA
Experienced by Muhammad Ali & Michael J. Fox

PARKINSON’S DISEASE

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Kind of lung infection causing inflammation
Can affect a lobe (“lobar”) or both lungs (“double”)
Can be caused by LEGIONNAIRES’ or SARS, for example
Killed William Henry Harrison

PNEUMONIA

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pneumonia-causing bacteria
Named for 1976 outbreak at a Philadelphia veterans’ convention

LEGIONNAIRE’S DISEASE
LEGIONELLA (BACTERIA)
AMERICAN LEGION (CONVENTION)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pneumonia-causing virus Outbreak originating in China in 2002-2003

SARS (SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME)

Inflammation of the airways in the lungs Can contribute to COPD

BRONCHITIS

Greek for "puff up" Breakdown of ALVEOLI Causes spaces in the LUNG tissue Can be caused by smoking Can contribute to COPD

EMPHYSEMA

4-word lung affliction Can be caused by BRONCHITIS or EMPHYSEMA

COPD (CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE)

Antifungal Used to treat ATHLETE'S FOOT

TINACTIN

Bronchodilator Used to treat ASTHMA Starts with A

ALBUTEROL

Decongestant Brand name is SUDAFED

PSEUDOEPHEDRINE

Alkaloid decongestant Used to treat ASTHMA

EPHEDRINE

Anesthetic Also called "truth serum"

SODIUM PENTOTHAL THIOPENTAL

Used to treat PARKINSON'S Appears in Oliver Sachs' AWAKENINGS, where it is used on catatonic patients

L-DOPA LEVODOPA (a precursor to dopamine)

Anti-inflammatory steroid Used to treat ARTHRITIS, CARPAL TUNNEL & BURSITIS Latin for "bark" 9 letters

CORTISONE

ADRENALINE injector Used to treat ANYPHYLAXIS Mylan had notoriously steep prices

EPIPEN (adrenaline = epinephrine)

X-ray of blood vessels Uses a dye

ANGIOGRAM

Disease diagnosed by a Wassermann test

SYPHILIS

Incision in the windpipe as a makeshift airway

TRACHEOTOMY

Insertion of a tube to open a passage such as the TRACHEA

INTUBATION

What TKR stands for in the name of an orthopedic surgery

TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT

In 1906, developed a test to diagnose syphilis

AUGUST VON WASSERMANN

British neurologist & writer "The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat" (1985)

OLIVER SACKS

German-French doctor, musician, & missionary Built hospital in Gabon Winner of 1952 Nobel Peace Prize Organist (loved Bach)

ALBERT SCHWEITZER

Italian educator, psychologist & M.D. Opened first "Casa dei bambini" in 1907 in Rome "Education for a New World" (1946)

MARIA MONTESSORI

Excessive talking Also called "verbomania"

LOGORRHEA

First discussed by Freud in "Interpretation of Dreams" (1899) Named for a Greek King

OEDIPUS COMPLEX

Jung's proposed gender-flipped version of Freud's "Oedipus Complex"

ELECTRA COMPLEX

Disordered pulling out of hair

TRICHOTILLOMANIA

Gnashing of teeth

BRUXOMANIA

Drug that opens airways e.g. Albuterol to treat asthma

BRONCHODILATOR

Possible treatment for patients with difficulty breathing Sounds like camping

OXYGEN TENT

What "MDI" stands for in asthma treatment

METERED-DOSE INHALER

Common name for tank respirator Developed in 1928 by Philip Drinker to treat polio

IRON LUNG

Different colours of iris (eyes) Often due to melanin differences Jane Seymour, Kate Bosworth, and many huskies & white cats have it

HETEROCHROMIA

Inherited neurological "disease" or "chorea" on chromosome 4 Described by American physician George in 1872

HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE

What "RLS" stands for in a sleep disorder

RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME

Also called "St. Anthony's Fire", poisoning by this grain fungus can cause convulsions or gangrene May explain the Salem witch trials

ERGOT (ERGOTISM)

South African surgeon Led 1st human-human heart transplant, 1967

CHRISTIAAN BARNARD

Created "live-virus" oral polio vaccine at the U. of Cincinnati

ALBERT SABIN

Issues with aligning eyes

STRABISMUS

From Greek, "yellow/orange" Hardening/scarring of the liver Can be caused by alcoholism or Hepatitis C One form is Laennec's

CIRRHOSIS

Inflammatory liver disease cause by viral infection Types A through E A & B have vaccines C can cause cirrhosis David Crosby had D

HEPATITIS

Also called "cholelith" Hardened bile cholestorol or bilirubin May require removal of organ, as Warhol & Eisenhower did

GALLSTONE(S)

Name for the fear of Hell Taken from a mythical river

STYGIOPHOBIA

Type of medication Prevents binding of adrenaline/noradrenaline receptors Fights hypertension, heart attacks, arrhythmia, & migraines e.g. Inderal, Nadolol, & Metoprolol

BETA BLOCKER

A reason not to pursue a certain treatment or drug For example, due to interaction with other medications 6 syllables

CONTRAINDICATION

Uses X-rays to build cross-sectional images of the body

COMPUTED (AXIAL) TOMOGRAPHY SCAN C(A)T SCAN

From Greek, "painless" Painkiller such as codeine or morphine

ANALGESIC

From Greek, "half-skull" Type of headache Can include visual aura, nausea, or light sensitivity Also called a "megrim"

MIGRAINE (from "HEMICRANIA")

From Greek, "poppy head" Opium alkaloid analgesic

CODEINE

From Greek, "fire" Fever

PYREXIA

From Greek, "difficulty digesting" Upset stomach or indigestion

DYSPEPSIA