MYCOSIS Flashcards
what does dimorphi means ?
two forms exist for one fungus species depending on temperature, conditions and environment
mycelial form-
yeast or yeast like form-
free living form found in nature and at lab temp 30c
parasitic phase found in human tissue or in the lab
types dimorphi capable of causing systemic infection :
histoplasma capsulatum blastomyces dermatitdis coccidioides immitis paracoccidioides brasiliensis sporothrix schenckii
histoplasma capsulatum resevoir
bat guano(spelunker) bird droppings
histoplasmosis disease includes
progressive pulmonary
chronic systemic infection w dissemination to the RES including bone marrow
acute fulminating systemic disease(fatal)
AIDS in immunosuppressed ppl
ways to detect histoplasmosis diagnosis ?
antigen detection in urine good for immune suppresssed patients that do not produce detectable antibody
histoplasma capsulatum microscopic apperance in culture ?
colony is white to brown and cottony
tuberculated macronidia that are large and round plus small micronidia
infectios particle growing in nature and capable of penetrating deep into lung are
micronidia
histoplasma capsulatum unsual variant is
histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii affect bone and skin
sporothrix schenckii causes
sporotrichosis
risk factor of sporotrichosis is
avid gardener that have cutaneous inocolation of fungus from penetrating injury with spore or thorn like roses
sporotrichosis can cause
lymph cutaneous spread bone and systemic, pulmonary and CNS infections are rare but reported
mold phase and yeast phase characteristics of sporothrix schenckii
mold phase : turns brown to black over time
yeast phase : described as cigar body
2types of mycetoma (subcutaneous fungal infections) :
actinomycotic- caused by higher bacteria
eumycotic -caused by dark pigmented molds
criteria to describe mycetoma
lesions lead to swollen extremities
draining sinus
sulfur granule observed in tissue
candida albicans can be found in
GIT and GU tract and skin
candida albicans causes variety infections include
thrush, vaginitis, skin lesions, nail, diaper rrash, fungemia, endocarditis
candida albicans indentification is by
germ tube formation
chlamydospore formation
cryptococcus neoformant resevoir is the bird droppings from
pigeon that enriched w nitrogen
mode of transmission for c neoformant is
thru pulmonary system with hematogenous spread to brain and meninges (air borne, bird droppings)
virulence factor for crytococcus neoformant
polysacccharide capsule
what is dermatophytosis ?
clinical condition caused by fungal infection of the skin in humans
malassezia furfur(cutaneous and superficial mycoses) causes what disease ?
pityriasis versicolour (most superficial of the dermatomycoses)
macules,papules,patches, plaque on chest back and shoulder with either hypo or hyper pigmentation
fungemia
fungemia in neonates caused by
skin flora tunneling in the iv lipid feeding lines
malassezia furfur needed ____ to survive
oil
dermatophytes (ring worm infections) is the fungi that causes
parasitic infection, collectively dermatophytes, feed on keratin, the material found in the outer layer of skin, hair and nails
3 genera of fungi
microsporum species
epidermophyton floccosum
trichophyton species
how to visulize fungal hyphae in ring worm infections?
do a KOH prep or calcofluor white prep
types of fungal infection or dermatophytes (ring worm)
tinea pedis (athlete foot) tinea ungunium -fingernails,toenails tinea corposis -arms, legs , trunk tinea crusis - jock itch in groin area tinea manuum - hands and palm area tinea capitis - scalp and hair tinea barbae - facial hair tinea faceiei -face area
A 42-year-old women presents with asthma and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Which of the following is the virulence factor that most likely involved this condition ?
mycotoxin from aspergillus furmigatus
