AFB SPIROCHETES Flashcards
why mycobacterium hv acid fast walls ?
it hv mycolic acid that cover peptidoglycan and needed to be heated to dissolve glycolipid layer
virulence factor for mycobacterium ?
cord factor - no phagocytic
sulfolipid -prevent intracelullar growth
iron capturing capacity -need bacterial growth cause anemic
mycobacterium types in human
m. tuberculosis
m. leprae
m. avium
m. tb is strongly acid fast and obligate aerobic rods , it grow in _____
unactivated alveolar macrophages
immunocompromised person more likely affected to
pneumonia bcs it attack cell mediated immunity
mode of transmission for m tb&m leprae
inhalation, droplets , air borne
m tb resevoir is ____
kidney, brain, GIT
lab diagnosis can be 5ways state each
zichlneelsen stain (early morning sputum) -stained w carbol fushsin and resist decolorization
kinyoun stain (cold acid fast)
auramine rhodamine (yellow green culture)
modified acid fast stain
lovenstein jensen medium -looks brown, hv malachite green inhibit other bacteria
what is the screening method for m tb
mantoux tb skin test (10mm higher +)
- determine immuneresponse
- delayed hypersensitivity reaction
- purified protein derivative (PPD)
mousefootpads is used for culture of ______
m leprae
how lepromatous leprosy happen ?
skin mucus membrane will be affected and cause peripheral nerve damage leads to lepromatus
diseases causes by m leprae
tuberculoid leprosy
lepromatous leprosy
virulence factors for m leprae
complex cell walls -hv specific phenolic glycolipid that bind to schwann cell leads to intracelullar multiplication
pathogenesis of m leprae
macrophages phagocytize the bacilli but T cells doesnt kill it and bacilli will grow in macrophages
types of spirochates
troponema
borelia
leptospira
troponema virulence factor
hv hyaluronidase that facilitates perivascular infiltration
outer membrane proteins adhere to host cells
coating w host cell fibronectin to protects from phagocytosis
troponema microscopy structure
dark field spiral
direct fluorescent antibody staining
serology for troponema
non troponemal tests (primary) - VDRL, RPR treponemal tests (confirmed) - FBA ABS, TP PA, EIA
syphilis is caused by
troponema palidum
troponema endomecium, pertenve, carateum diseases
bejel, yaws, pinta (direct contact)