AFB SPIROCHETES

Question 1

why mycobacterium hv acid fast walls ?

Answer 1

it hv mycolic acid that cover peptidoglycan and needed to be heated to dissolve glycolipid layer

Question 2

virulence factor for mycobacterium ?

Answer 2

cord factor - no phagocytic
sulfolipid -prevent intracelullar growth
iron capturing capacity -need bacterial growth cause anemic

Question 3

mycobacterium types in human

Answer 3

m. tuberculosis
m. leprae
m. avium

Question 4

m. tb is strongly acid fast and obligate aerobic rods , it grow in _____

Answer 4

unactivated alveolar macrophages

Question 5

immunocompromised person more likely affected to

Answer 5

pneumonia bcs it attack cell mediated immunity

Question 6

mode of transmission for m tb&m leprae

Answer 6

inhalation, droplets , air borne

Question 7

m tb resevoir is ____

Answer 7

kidney, brain, GIT

Question 8

lab diagnosis can be 5ways state each

Answer 8

zichlneelsen stain (early morning sputum) -stained w carbol fushsin and resist decolorization
kinyoun stain (cold acid fast)
auramine rhodamine (yellow green culture)
modified acid fast stain
lovenstein jensen medium -looks brown, hv malachite green inhibit other bacteria

Question 9

what is the screening method for m tb

Answer 9

mantoux tb skin test (10mm higher +)

• determine immuneresponse
• delayed hypersensitivity reaction
• purified protein derivative (PPD)

Question 10

mousefootpads is used for culture of ______

Answer 10

m leprae

Question 11

how lepromatous leprosy happen ?

Answer 11

skin mucus membrane will be affected and cause peripheral nerve damage leads to lepromatus

Question 12

diseases causes by m leprae

Answer 12

tuberculoid leprosy

lepromatous leprosy

Question 13

virulence factors for m leprae

Answer 13

complex cell walls -hv specific phenolic glycolipid that bind to schwann cell leads to intracelullar multiplication

Question 14

pathogenesis of m leprae

Answer 14

macrophages phagocytize the bacilli but T cells doesnt kill it and bacilli will grow in macrophages

Question 15

types of spirochates

Answer 15

troponema
borelia
leptospira

Question 16

troponema virulence factor

Answer 16

hv hyaluronidase that facilitates perivascular infiltration
outer membrane proteins adhere to host cells
coating w host cell fibronectin to protects from phagocytosis

Question 17

troponema microscopy structure

Answer 17

dark field spiral

direct fluorescent antibody staining

Question 18

serology for troponema

Answer 18

non troponemal tests (primary) - VDRL, RPR
treponemal tests (confirmed) - FBA ABS, TP PA, EIA

Question 19

syphilis is caused by

Answer 19

troponema palidum

Question 20

troponema endomecium, pertenve, carateum diseases

Answer 20

bejel, yaws, pinta (direct contact)