INTRODUCTION OF MYCOLOGY Flashcards
what is yeast
unicelullar fungi reproduce by budding
what is moulds
produce hyphae and mycelium
explain fungi structure
cell wall contain chitin (rigid sucture)
cytoplasmic membrane contain ergoserols
divide asexually/sexually
how fungi eat
heterotrophic secrete extracelullar enzyme for absorptive nutrition
importance of fungi ?
yeasts(beer,bread)
antibiotic penicilin
mushrooms (amanita poisnous)
soy sauce (aspergillus)
differences btween bacteria and fungus
fungi (eukaryote) - bacteria(prokaryote)
hv mito - no mmito
chitin and glucagans - peptidoglycan cell wall
ergosterol - lipopolysaccharide cell membrane
4types of mycotic diseases
hypersensitivity
mycotoxicosis-produce toxin
mycetismus -mushroom posion
infection
farmer’s lung -moldy hay
cheese washer’s lung
malt worker disease
hypersensitive disease
parasitic state of fungi :
increase metabolic state
modified metabolic pathways
modified cell wall structure -carbo content, lipid structure, RNA aggregates
pathogenicity of fungi :
survive tissue environment
hyphae (filamentous fungi, mycelium) morphology
septate
coenocytic
3 opportunistic common fungi pathogen
candida albicans
cryptococcus neotomans
aspergilus umigatus
steps of mycelium formation
spore - hypha- mycelium
list dimorphic fungi form
yeast form -parasitic, tissue form, cultured at 37c
mycelium form -saprophytic form, cultured at 25c
types of asexual spores
arthrospore, blastospore, chamydospore, conidia (micro,macro)
factors of establishment of mycotic agent
inoculum size
resistance to host
portal of entry of fungi :
GIT urinary tract respiratory tract eye mouth (oral trush) skin anus
colonization means
multiplication of organism at site but not harmfull
infection means
invasion and multiplication of organism in body tissue resulting local celullar injury
fungi disease is classified to 4 groups :
superficial mycoses-
subcutaneous mycoses - dermis of skin, deep tissue, bone
mucocutaneous mycoses
deep mycoses
tinea is infection by dermatophyte of what fungi
ringworm fungi , trichophytan, microsporum, epidermophyton
dermatophytes diseases :
tinea pedis, tinea corposis, onychomycosis
candida albicans is invasive fungal disease that affect morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised ppl ,what is the virulence factors
dimorphism
phenotypic mating type switching
biofilms
what is mycetoma
chronic destructive disease affect skin, underlying tissue, bone
mycetoma is caused by
madurella spp scedosporium spp leptosphaeria
histoplamosis is due to
prolonged exposure to aerolised spores
blastomycosis affecting skin by
forms large budding yeast in tissue
india ink stain the _____
cryptococcus neoformans
