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Sem 3: BacT > Mycoplasma spp - Muller > Flashcards

Mycoplasma spp - Muller Flashcards

1
Q

Key facts about Mycoplasma?

A
  1. Smallest free living bacT
  2. NO CELL WALL - triple layer cellular membrane
  3. Spherical or filamentous
  4. Obligate pathogen - depends on host
  5. Difficult to culture
  6. Host specific
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2
Q

Shape of mycoplasma?

A

Pleomorphic!

Spherical or filamentous

** helps to avoid IR by changing shape

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3
Q

Example of a drug that would NOT work for mycoplasma and why?

A

Penicillin - targets cell wall

mycoplasma has no cell wall

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4
Q

Mycoplasma inhabits/ has an affinity for?

A

Mucous membranes - affinity to ciliated epithelium

** except hemotropic mycoplasma has affinity to SURFACE of RBC

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5
Q

How can you differentiate mycoplasma spp?

A
  1. Fried egg colonies
  2. Does not produce urease (ureaplasma spp. does)
  3. Umbonate colonies
  4. Turns blue on Diene stain
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6
Q

Pathogenesis of mycoplasma?

A
  1. Adheres to surface of RBC and produces H2O2 (toxic)
  2. Evades immune system by changing shape and mimicking host Ag appearance
  3. Induces inflammation by recruiting T and B cells
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7
Q

Samples to collect when testing for mycoplasma bovis?

A

Mastitic milk and fluids from joints, also resp tract samples

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8
Q

How is m. mycoides subsp. mycoides transmitted?

A

= Bovine Pleuropneumonia

AEROSOLS

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9
Q

Which mycoplasma spp are reportable?

A
  1. m. mycoides subsp. mycoides
  2. m. gallisepticum
  3. m. synoviae
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10
Q

What mycoplasma spp causes bovine pleuropneumonia?

A

m. mycoides subsp. mycoides

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11
Q

CS associated with bovine pleuropneumonia?

A

Coughing, fever, depression, drop in milk yield, FATAL rapid death

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12
Q

Post mortem appearance associated with bovine pleuropneumonia?

A

Marbled lungs

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13
Q

Who is most at risk for m. bovis?

A

Young calves - severe pneumonia

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14
Q

Post mortem appearance associated with m. bovis?

A

Scattered rice lung

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15
Q

CS associated with m. bovis?

A

Chronic resp dz, mastitis, arthritis

-purulent mastitic exudate w high WBC count

**young calves at risk

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16
Q

mycoplasma spp in pigs?

A

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

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17
Q

How is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae transmitted?

A

Aerosols between pigs

due to overcrowding

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18
Q

CS associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

A

Coughing, poor growth, resp distress

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19
Q

Post mortem lesion associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

A

Pulmonary consolidation confined to cranial and middle lung lobes

20
Q

How can Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae be confirmed?

A

PCR

21
Q

How would you test a herd for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

A

ELISA

22
Q

mycoplasma spp that infected chickens and turkeys?

A
  1. mycoplasma gallisepticum
  2. mycoplasma synoviae

**both reportable

23
Q

CS associated with mycoplasma gallisepticum?

A

Turkeys: infectious sinusitis

Chickens: chronic resp dz

coughing, nasal discharge, sinusitis, reduced egg production

24
Q

How is mycoplasma gallisepticum transmitted?

A

Infection of the embryo in the egg or by aerosols

25
Q

How is mycoplasma synoviae transmitted?

A

Aerosols

26
Q

CS associated with mycoplasma synoviae?

A

Respiratory signs, Arthritis, synovitis

** infects chickens and turkeys

27
Q

How can you diagnose mycoplasma spp in poultry?

A

PCR confirmatory test

Agglutination test for herds

28
Q

Key facts about hemotropic mycoplasmas?

A
  1. NO CELL WALL
  2. Rod shaped
  3. Gram neg but doesnt stain on gram
  4. Attaches to surface of RBC (not inside RBC)
29
Q

Hemotropic mycoplasma spp that can infect cats?

A
  1. m. haemofelis
  2. Candidatus m. haemomunutum
  3. Canididatus m. turicensis
30
Q

Hemotropic mycoplasma spp that can infect pigs?

A

m. suis

31
Q

Hemotropic mycoplasma spp that can infect llamas?

A

Candidatus m. haemolamae

32
Q

Transmission of hemotropic mycoplasmas?

A

Probably by aggressive interactions

  1. Infected blood via blood transfusion
33
Q

What cats are more at risk for hemotropic mycoplasmas?

A
  1. Cats w FIV/FeLV
  2. Immunosuppressed cats
  3. Outdoor cats
  4. Male cats
  5. Older cats
34
Q

What dogs are more at risk for hemotropic mycoplasmas?

A
  1. Male dogs
  2. Kennel dogs
  3. Young dogs
  4. Immunosuppressed
  5. Stressed
  6. *****Splenectomy dogs - no spleen, cant eliminate bacT from blood!
35
Q

_____________ causes hemolytic anemia in cats during acute inflammation

A

m. haemofelis

36
Q

Most pathogenic spp of hemotropic mycoplasma in cats?

A

m. haemofelis

**alone can cause infection

37
Q

Which hemotropic mycoplasma has a long term carrier state in cats?

A

C.M. haemominutum

** no CS but still has bacT in chronic phase

** reactivated infection is immunosuppressed

38
Q

CS of acutely ill dogs and cats infected with hemotropic mycoplasma?

A
  1. Pale/anemic
  2. Splenomegaly
  3. Jaundice if severe acute hemolysis occurs
39
Q

How is hemotropic mycoplasma diagnosed?

A

PCR !!

  • blood smear but low sensitivity

** does not grow at all on culture
** serology unavailable

40
Q

When giving a blood transfusion for hemotropic mycoplasma, what is important to know?

A

BacT infects surface of RBC so must test donors!

41
Q

How is m. suis transmitted?

A

Lice or instruments contaminated with infected blood

42
Q

How do outbreaks of m. suis occur?

A

Stress

43
Q

Who is most at risk for m. suis?

A

Young piglets can get acute hemolytic disease and die

44
Q

_________ is the most common hemoplasma infection of farm animals

A

m. suis

45
Q

CS associated with C.M. haemolamae?

A

Death in stressed, debilitated, and immunosuppressed llamas

  • acute infection in young

** chronically infected for life, hard to eliminate

Sem 3: BacT (16 decks)

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