Mycobacteria

Question 1

IGRA assay

Answer 1

@ MTB antigen (active or inactive) WBC release IFN gamma, if level is higher than normal will have positive test
-no x reactivity with BGC vaccine

Question 2

MtB NAAT

Answer 2

diagnostic, greater spec/sens than other tests-tells resistance!
-do in addition to the other tests

Question 3

General Mycobacteria facts (

Answer 3

-Grow slowly and slowly evolve
-multiply in phagosomes
0cell mediated immunity plays major role in defense
-lipid rich envelope-bad gram stain-do acid fast (Ziel Niechlen)
-Granulomas hold Tb-called latent Tb=
-Flurochome stain is more sensitive
-oligate aerobic rods, thin, nonmotile
-infectiousness varies widely

Question 4

Runyon Groups

Answer 4

1-photochormagens
2. scotochromagen (pigment all time)
3-nonphotogo chormagens
4- rapid grower-no pigment

Question 5

All species of mycobacteria (3 main and groups)

Answer 5

M. marunum
M. Kanasassi
M. gorndonae
M. xenon
M obsesses
M. avian (complex)
M. tuberculosis
M. bovis
M. leprae

Question 6

M. tuberculosis

• transmission
• virulence
• disease
• Dx
• Trx
• Special

Answer 6

Shootout at the Tb Corral

• respoitary droplets-but not easily congaious-only in humans
• intesnse inflammation, cord factor-protects bacteria from being destroyed, lipid rich impermeable envelope of mycelia acids, sulfated allow Tb to live inside macropaghges
• starts in well aerated parts inn lung, spread to lymph nodes-forms granuloma, fever, but can go inactive
• acid fast, chest X-ray with millary Tb, mantis test (detecting CD4 T cells CMI,
• TST may boost preexisting immunity, susceptible when Th1

Question 7

M. leprosy

• transmission
• virulence
• disease
• Dx
• Trx
• Special

Answer 7

The Good, the bad, and the lionfaced, resoivour is armadillo

• humans, respiratory, lesion exposure
• lepromatous-TH2 response weak-see all the problems, if tuberculin-Th1 response good-contain infection
• leprosy/hansen’s disease, peripheral neuropathy and sensory loss, saddle nose (baby), and skin lesions
• see virulence
• Tb response-dapsone and rifampin for 6 months, lepromatous-dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine for 2-5 years

Question 8

M. bovis

Answer 8

ki

from unpasteurized milk or bad BCH vaccine

closely related to M. tuberculosis

Question 9

Runyon Group 1

Answer 9

M. marinum and kanassii

Question 10

Runyon group 3

Answer 10

M. avium/intracelluare

very resistant to Tb drugs

widespread in SE US
Common is AIDS patients
treat with clarithomycin

nonchromagenic

Question 11

Runyon Group 4

Answer 11

M. absesses

Question 12

M. kanasii

Answer 12

• chronic pulm infection
• tap water
• trx with antimicrobial
• slow growth
• group 1-photochromagen

Question 13

M. gordonae

Answer 13

non pathogen
soil and water
group 2

Question 14

M. xenopi

Answer 14

hot water systems
causes COPD
rare-only seen in immiunocomped

Question 15

M. absessus

Answer 15

group 4
post trauma, surgery, injection
causes chronic pulm infections
Drug resistant

Question 16

M. Marinum

Answer 16

fres/salt water
fish tank granuloma
initial Sx are Tb like
surgery to remove/drain lesions

Question 17

Runyon group 2

Answer 17

M. gordanae, M. xenopi

always make pigment