Muskoskeletal

Question 1

What makes up the axial skeleton?

Answer 1

bones of skull, neck and trunk

Question 2

What makes up the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 2

bones of the pectoral grille, upper limbs, pelvic girdle and lower limb

Question 3

What is the bone called in the arm?

Answer 3

humerus

Question 4

What are the 2 long bones in the forearm called?

Answer 4

radius and ulna

Question 5

What are the bone in the wrist called?

Answer 5

carpal bones

Question 6

What are the bones in the palm called?

Answer 6

metacarpals

Question 7

What are the bones in the fingers called?

Answer 7

phalanges

Question 8

What is the long bone in the thigh called?

Answer 8

femur

Question 9

What are the bones in the leg called?

Answer 9

tibia and fibula

Question 10

What are the bones in the hind/mid foot called?

Answer 10

tarsal bones

Question 11

what are the bones in the forefoot called?

Answer 11

metatarsals

Question 12

what are the bones in the toes called?

Answer 12

phalanges

Question 13

When do bony features develop?

Answer 13

during bony growth

Question 14

what makes uppitiest the skeleton?

Answer 14

bones and cartilage

Question 15

What are the function of the bones?

Answer 15

support and protection of body organs, calcium metabolism, red blood cell formation, attachment of skeletal muscle

Question 16

What is the difference between structure of cartilage and bone?

Answer 16

bone is hard, connective tissue whereas cartilage is less rigid

Question 17

where is cartilage usually located?

Answer 17

where mobility is required at the articulations (joints)

Question 18

where does movement of skeletal muscle occur?

Answer 18

at the joints in deep to deep fascia

Question 19

What are the different subtypes of joints?

Answer 19

synovial, cartilaginous and fibrous

Question 20

why does it hurt so much when you dislocate a joint?

Answer 20

because of the excellent sensory nerve supply

Question 21

where are anastomoses common?

Answer 21

over the joints

Question 22

what do longer muscle fibres allow?

Answer 22

greater potential range of shortening and so greater range of movement produced at the joint

Question 23

What are the 2 points of attachment to the bone?

Answer 23

the origin on one side of the joint and the insertion on the other side

Question 24

What do tendons do?

Answer 24

attach the muscle to bone

Question 25

What’s an aponeurosis?

Answer 25

a flattened tendon, most commonly associated with flat muscle these attach muscle to soft tissue rather than bone

Question 26

What are the 2 types of reflexes?

Answer 26

protective and automatic

Question 27

What are the main reflexes involving skeletal muscle?

Answer 27

stretch reflex and flexion withdrawal reflex

Question 28

what is a protective reflex?

Answer 28

a rapid, predictable, involuntary reflex

Question 29

What is an autonomic reflex?

Answer 29

a movement made unconsciously by nervous system and muscles

Question 30

what’s an example of a test used for deep tendon reflex?

Answer 30

using hammer

Question 31

What is muscle spasticity?

Answer 31

the muscle has an intact and functioning motor nerve, the descending controls from the brain are not working, on examination the muscle would have increased tone

Question 32

What is muscle paralysis?

Answer 32

a muscle without a functioning motor nerve supply is ‘paralysed’, a paralysis muscle cannot contract, on examination the muscle would have reduced tone