Biochem Flashcards
what is metabolism
all reactions taken place in the body
What can metabolism be broken down into?
Catabolism and anabolism
What is catabolism?
break down of complex molecules into smaller energy
What is anabolism?
is synthesising complex molecules out of smaller ones in energy consuming reactions
Example of catabolic reaction
glycolysis
example of anabolic reaction
gluconeogenesis
What is a primary structure?
the sequence of amino acids
What is a secondary structure
polypeptide chain (alpha helices and beta structures)
What is a tertiary structure?
3D structure of an entire polypeptide, including all of its side chains
What is a quaternary structure?
spatial arrangement of polypeptide chains in a protein with multiple subunits
What is collagen
an extra cellular protein that forms very strong, structural fibres and so is found in bone and connective tissue
Explain how the elements in the periodic table are organised
from left to right in increasing atomic number (number of protons in the nucleus)
What is a group in the periodic table?
these are the columns, they increase in the number of electron orbitals from top to bottom, this means that the number of electrons shared/lost/gained increases and hence reactivity increases
What is a period in the periodic table?
this is a row where the number of electron shells increase from 1-7
What is ionisation energy?
the energy required to eject an electron
