Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

Osgood-Schlatter disease and toxic synovitis are considered what kind of disorders?

Answer 1

inflammatory

Question 2

What is characterized by inflammation of the tibial tubercle as a result of repetitive stressors in patients with immature skeletal development and is associated with a rapid growth spurt?

Answer 2

Osgood-Schlatter disease

Question 3

What is the peak age for osgood-schlatter disease?

Answer 3

11-14 years

Question 4

What does management of osgood-schlatter consist of?

Answer 4

limiting activity, knee immobilizers

Question 5

What is a self-limiting inflammation of the hip, which is most likely due to a viral of immune cause?

Answer 5

toxic synovitis

Question 6

At what age is toxic synovitis most common?

Answer 6

2-6 years

Question 7

What is characterized by a painful limp, unilateral involvement, insidious onset, and internal rotation causes spasm?

Answer 7

toxic synovitis

Question 8

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease and Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) are considered what kind of disorders?

Answer 8

non-inflammatory

Question 9

What is characterized by aseptic or avascular necrosis of the femoral head?

Answer 9

legg-calve-perthes disease

Question 10

Who is legg-calve-perthes disease most common in?

Answer 10

Caucasian males, ages 4-9

Question 11

What is characterized by an insidious onset of limp with knee pain that migrates up to the groin?

Answer 11

legg-calve-perthes disease

Question 12

When is aggressive treatment for legg-calve-perthes disease recommended?

Answer 12

when more than one half femoral head is involved and in children over the age of 6

Question 13

What is described by limited passive internal rotation (PIR) and abduction of the hip joint?

Answer 13

legg-calves-perthes disease

Question 14

What is characterized by spontaneous dislocation of the femoral head (capital epiphysis) both downward and backward relative to the femoral neck and secondary to disruption of the epiphyseal plate?

Answer 14

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Question 15

What is more common in obese adolescents with sedentray lifestyles?

Answer 15

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Question 16

What is characterized by pain in the groin and, when acute onset, pain will be severe and cause inability to ambulate or move hip?

Answer 16

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Question 17

How is slipped capital femoral epiphysis diagnosed?

Answer 17

radiographs

Question 18

What is the management of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

Answer 18

referral to ortho, no ambulation permitted, and monitor other hip for same problem

Question 19

Genu varum

Answer 19

Bowleg

Question 20

When is genu varum no longer considered a normal variant?

Answer 20

2 years

Question 21

When should you refer a patient with genu varum to ortho?

Answer 21

continues after the age of 2, it’s unilateral, or becomes progressively worse when they start to walk

Question 22

Genu valgum

Answer 22

knock-knee

Question 23

When does genu valgum typically evolve to normal alignment?

Answer 23

7 years

Question 24

What is Adam’s forward bend test looking for?

Answer 24

scoliosis

Question 25

When should scoliosis be referred?

Answer 25

if painful or curve greater than 25 degrees

Question 26

What is a progressive genetic disorder beginning in the lower extremities and progressing to the upper extermities and torso?

Answer 26

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Question 27

What is the most common inherited neuromuscular disease in children?

Answer 27

duchenne MD

Question 28

What is the average age of diagnosis for duchenne MD?

Answer 28

3-5 years

Question 29

What is characterized as abnormalities in gait and posture, developmental clumsiness, inability to keep up with developing peers, and positive Gower’s maneuver?

Answer 29

duchenne MD

Question 30

When a child “walks” hands up legs to attain standing position when getting up what is this called?

Answer 30

Gower’s maneuver

Question 31

What is diagnostic for duchenne MD?

Answer 31

DNA analysis of gene

Question 32

What is markedly elevated (15,000 to 35,000IU/L) in affected males with duchenne MD?

Answer 32

creatinine kinase

Question 33

Fracture line extends through physis

Answer 33

Salter I - slipped

Question 34

Fracture line extends through both the physis and metaphysis - most common fracture

Answer 34

Salter II - above

Question 35

Intra-articular fracture extending from the physis into the epiphysis

Answer 35

Salter III - lower

Question 36

Intra-articular fracture pasing through the epiphysis, physis, and metaphysis

Answer 36

Salter IV - through/transverse

Question 37

Fracture that is rare and associated with severe crushing or compression injury that extends through epiphysis and physis

Answer 37

Salter V - rammed/ruined

Question 38

Which fractures require closed reduction and casting or splinting?

Answer 38

salter I and II

Question 39

Which fractures require open reduction internal fixation?

Answer 39

salter III and IV

Question 40

What is a common injury in young children resulting from swimming or pulling child’s arm with radial head subluxation?

Answer 40

nursemaid elbow

Question 41

When a child holds their arm across the body with their thumb up and refuses to use the affected arm, what are they experiencing?

Answer 41

nursemaid elbow