Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Issues and Disorders Flashcards
What is a common staphylococcal abcess on the uppor or lower eyelid?
stye
What is another word for a stye?
hordeolum
What has an abrupt onset, is acutely tender, and has pain which is proportional to the amount of edema?
hordeolum (stye)
What is a granulomatous (beady nodule) on the eyelid, which may be from an infection or retention cyst of the meibomian gland?
chalazion
How does a chalazion differ from a hordeolum?
chalazions are usually painless
What type of conjunctivitis causes copious amounts of purulent discharge?
gonococcal
What is an abnormal, uniform, progressive opacity of the eye seen in children with co-morbid syndromes, such as down syndrome, DM, marfan syndrome, and atopic dermatitis?
cataracts
At what age should you refer a patient with strabismus?
if acquired after 6 months of age
What is ocular misalignment as a result of uncoordinated ocular muscles?
strabismus
eyes deviate inward
esotropia
eyes deviate outward
exotropia
eyes deviate upward
hypertropia
eyes deviate downward
hypotropia
Which eye deviations should be referred immediately, even if present before 6 months of age?
hypertropia and hypotropia
What is the term used to describe a pupillary light reflex that is unequal?
hirschberg
what can hypertropia or hypotropia be indicative of?
brain tumors
What is inflammation of the external auditory meatus?
otitis externa
What is another word for otitis externa?
swimmer’s ear
What is the presence of fluid in the middle ears without signs or symptoms of AOM and is also known as chronic otitis media with effusion (OME)?
serous otitis media
What kind of hearing loss is described as decreased ability to conduct sound from external to inner ear?
conductive hearing loss
Cerumen impaction/foreign body, hematoma, otitis media, and perforated TM can all cause what type of hearing loss?
conductive hearing loss
What kind of hearing loss is described as impaired transmission of sound through the nervous system?
sensorineural loss
Acoustic neuroma, syphilis, central nervous system disease, and medication toxicity can all cause what kind of hearing loss?
sensorineural loss
With which test for hearing loss should sound be heard equally in both ears and not lateralize for it to be normal?
weber test
With wich test for hearing loss should air conduction be greater than bone conduction for it to be normal?
rinne test
With what type of hearing loss does sound lateralize to the AFFECTED ear?
conductive hearing loss
With what type of hearing loss does sound lateralize to the UNAFFECTED ear?
sensorineural hearing loss
Where should pressure be held for a nosebleed and for how long?
Kiesselbach’s triangle; 10 minutes
What is a sudden, severe swelling of the epiglottis that occurs as a result of bacterial infection and can produce respiratory compromise in a matter of hours?
epiglottitis
What is the peak incidence of epiglottitis?
6-10 years
What condition is associated with sudden onset of high fever, drooling, choking sensation, restless/fearful, hyperextension of the neck, and rapidly progressive signs of respiratory distress?
epiglottitis
What condition is associated with a “thumb sign” on radiograph of the neck?
epiglottitis
What is a parainfluenza viral infection of the larynx?
croup
What is the peak incidence for croup?
3 months - 6 years
What condition is associated with a “steeple” sign on radiograph of the neck?
croup
What is an acute infection due to the epstein-barr virus, which usually occurs over the age of 10?
mononucleosis
What condition is associated with posterior cervical lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly?
mononucleosis
What occurs when an undrained collection of pus accumulates in one or more of the sinuses in children 9 years of age or older?
sinusitis
