Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Issues and Disorders

Question 1

What is a common staphylococcal abcess on the uppor or lower eyelid?

Answer 1

stye

Question 2

What is another word for a stye?

Answer 2

hordeolum

Question 3

What has an abrupt onset, is acutely tender, and has pain which is proportional to the amount of edema?

Answer 3

hordeolum (stye)

Question 4

What is a granulomatous (beady nodule) on the eyelid, which may be from an infection or retention cyst of the meibomian gland?

Answer 4

chalazion

Question 5

How does a chalazion differ from a hordeolum?

Answer 5

chalazions are usually painless

Question 6

What type of conjunctivitis causes copious amounts of purulent discharge?

Answer 6

gonococcal

Question 7

What is an abnormal, uniform, progressive opacity of the eye seen in children with co-morbid syndromes, such as down syndrome, DM, marfan syndrome, and atopic dermatitis?

Answer 7

cataracts

Question 8

At what age should you refer a patient with strabismus?

Answer 8

if acquired after 6 months of age

Question 9

What is ocular misalignment as a result of uncoordinated ocular muscles?

Answer 9

strabismus

Question 10

eyes deviate inward

Answer 10

esotropia

Question 11

eyes deviate outward

Answer 11

exotropia

Question 12

eyes deviate upward

Answer 12

hypertropia

Question 13

eyes deviate downward

Answer 13

hypotropia

Question 14

Which eye deviations should be referred immediately, even if present before 6 months of age?

Answer 14

hypertropia and hypotropia

Question 15

What is the term used to describe a pupillary light reflex that is unequal?

Answer 15

hirschberg

Question 16

what can hypertropia or hypotropia be indicative of?

Answer 16

brain tumors

Question 17

What is inflammation of the external auditory meatus?

Answer 17

otitis externa

Question 18

What is another word for otitis externa?

Answer 18

swimmer’s ear

Question 19

What is the presence of fluid in the middle ears without signs or symptoms of AOM and is also known as chronic otitis media with effusion (OME)?

Answer 19

serous otitis media

Question 20

What kind of hearing loss is described as decreased ability to conduct sound from external to inner ear?

Answer 20

conductive hearing loss

Question 21

Cerumen impaction/foreign body, hematoma, otitis media, and perforated TM can all cause what type of hearing loss?

Answer 21

conductive hearing loss

Question 22

What kind of hearing loss is described as impaired transmission of sound through the nervous system?

Answer 22

sensorineural loss

Question 23

Acoustic neuroma, syphilis, central nervous system disease, and medication toxicity can all cause what kind of hearing loss?

Answer 23

sensorineural loss

Question 24

With which test for hearing loss should sound be heard equally in both ears and not lateralize for it to be normal?

Answer 24

weber test

Question 25

With wich test for hearing loss should air conduction be greater than bone conduction for it to be normal?

Answer 25

rinne test

Question 26

With what type of hearing loss does sound lateralize to the AFFECTED ear?

Answer 26

conductive hearing loss

Question 27

With what type of hearing loss does sound lateralize to the UNAFFECTED ear?

Answer 27

sensorineural hearing loss

Question 28

Where should pressure be held for a nosebleed and for how long?

Answer 28

Kiesselbach’s triangle; 10 minutes

Question 29

What is a sudden, severe swelling of the epiglottis that occurs as a result of bacterial infection and can produce respiratory compromise in a matter of hours?

Answer 29

epiglottitis

Question 30

What is the peak incidence of epiglottitis?

Answer 30

6-10 years

Question 31

What condition is associated with sudden onset of high fever, drooling, choking sensation, restless/fearful, hyperextension of the neck, and rapidly progressive signs of respiratory distress?

Answer 31

epiglottitis

Question 32

What condition is associated with a “thumb sign” on radiograph of the neck?

Answer 32

epiglottitis

Question 33

What is a parainfluenza viral infection of the larynx?

Answer 33

croup

Question 34

What is the peak incidence for croup?

Answer 34

3 months - 6 years

Question 35

What condition is associated with a “steeple” sign on radiograph of the neck?

Answer 35

croup

Question 36

What is an acute infection due to the epstein-barr virus, which usually occurs over the age of 10?

Answer 36

mononucleosis

Question 37

What condition is associated with posterior cervical lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly?

Answer 37

mononucleosis

Question 38

What occurs when an undrained collection of pus accumulates in one or more of the sinuses in children 9 years of age or older?

Answer 38

sinusitis