Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Issues and Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is a common staphylococcal abcess on the uppor or lower eyelid?

A

stye

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2
Q

What is another word for a stye?

A

hordeolum

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3
Q

What has an abrupt onset, is acutely tender, and has pain which is proportional to the amount of edema?

A

hordeolum (stye)

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4
Q

What is a granulomatous (beady nodule) on the eyelid, which may be from an infection or retention cyst of the meibomian gland?

A

chalazion

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5
Q

How does a chalazion differ from a hordeolum?

A

chalazions are usually painless

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6
Q

What type of conjunctivitis causes copious amounts of purulent discharge?

A

gonococcal

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7
Q

What is an abnormal, uniform, progressive opacity of the eye seen in children with co-morbid syndromes, such as down syndrome, DM, marfan syndrome, and atopic dermatitis?

A

cataracts

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8
Q

At what age should you refer a patient with strabismus?

A

if acquired after 6 months of age

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9
Q

What is ocular misalignment as a result of uncoordinated ocular muscles?

A

strabismus

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10
Q

eyes deviate inward

A

esotropia

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11
Q

eyes deviate outward

A

exotropia

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12
Q

eyes deviate upward

A

hypertropia

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13
Q

eyes deviate downward

A

hypotropia

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14
Q

Which eye deviations should be referred immediately, even if present before 6 months of age?

A

hypertropia and hypotropia

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15
Q

What is the term used to describe a pupillary light reflex that is unequal?

A

hirschberg

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16
Q

what can hypertropia or hypotropia be indicative of?

A

brain tumors

17
Q

What is inflammation of the external auditory meatus?

A

otitis externa

18
Q

What is another word for otitis externa?

A

swimmer’s ear

19
Q

What is the presence of fluid in the middle ears without signs or symptoms of AOM and is also known as chronic otitis media with effusion (OME)?

A

serous otitis media

20
Q

What kind of hearing loss is described as decreased ability to conduct sound from external to inner ear?

A

conductive hearing loss

21
Q

Cerumen impaction/foreign body, hematoma, otitis media, and perforated TM can all cause what type of hearing loss?

A

conductive hearing loss

22
Q

What kind of hearing loss is described as impaired transmission of sound through the nervous system?

A

sensorineural loss

23
Q

Acoustic neuroma, syphilis, central nervous system disease, and medication toxicity can all cause what kind of hearing loss?

A

sensorineural loss

24
Q

With which test for hearing loss should sound be heard equally in both ears and not lateralize for it to be normal?

A

weber test

25
With wich test for hearing loss should air conduction be greater than bone conduction for it to be normal?
rinne test
26
With what type of hearing loss does sound lateralize to the AFFECTED ear?
conductive hearing loss
27
With what type of hearing loss does sound lateralize to the UNAFFECTED ear?
sensorineural hearing loss
28
Where should pressure be held for a nosebleed and for how long?
Kiesselbach's triangle; 10 minutes
29
What is a sudden, severe swelling of the epiglottis that occurs as a result of bacterial infection and can produce respiratory compromise in a matter of hours?
epiglottitis
30
What is the peak incidence of epiglottitis?
6-10 years
31
What condition is associated with sudden onset of high fever, drooling, choking sensation, restless/fearful, hyperextension of the neck, and rapidly progressive signs of respiratory distress?
epiglottitis
32
What condition is associated with a "thumb sign" on radiograph of the neck?
epiglottitis
33
What is a parainfluenza viral infection of the larynx?
croup
34
What is the peak incidence for croup?
3 months - 6 years
35
What condition is associated with a "steeple" sign on radiograph of the neck?
croup
36
What is an acute infection due to the epstein-barr virus, which usually occurs over the age of 10?
mononucleosis
37
What condition is associated with posterior cervical lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly?
mononucleosis
38
What occurs when an undrained collection of pus accumulates in one or more of the sinuses in children 9 years of age or older?
sinusitis