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Module 5 > musculoskeletal diseases > Flashcards

musculoskeletal diseases Flashcards

1
Q

___ most commonly affects the distal radius, proximal humerus, and distal femur

A

osteosarcomas

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2
Q

osteosarcomas can be ____ and have an aggressive ___

A

fatal ; treatment

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3
Q

diagnosis of osteosarcomas includes radiographs of

A

the affected area and the thorax

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4
Q

treatment of osteosarcomas includes

A

amputation, chemotherapy, radiation, and pain control

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5
Q

___ involves the muscles of mastication

A

masticatory myositis

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6
Q

reluctance to eat, pain, and muscle atrophy are signs of _______

A

masticatory myositis

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7
Q

treatment of masticatory myositis includes

A

steroids

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8
Q

_____ has a lifetime treatment

A

masticatory myositis

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9
Q

____ is typically secondary to trauma which involves tearing of the joint capsule and round ligament

A

hip luxations

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10
Q

acute non weight bearing, lameness, and swelling over the hip are signs of

A

hip luxations

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11
Q

diagnosis of hip luxations include

A

radiographs

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12
Q

_____ reduction = manual replacement

A

closed

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13
Q

_____ reduction = surgery to replace

A

open

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14
Q

the prognosis of this disease is dependent on the amount of injury

A

hip luxations

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15
Q

____ is the most common cause of chronic pain in dogs

A

OA

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16
Q

majority of cases of this dz are diagnosed between 8-13 y/o

A

OA

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17
Q

clinical signs of OA include

A

lameness, joint swelling muscle atrophy, and crepitation

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18
Q

diagnosis of OA includes

A

clinical signs / signalment / Rads

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19
Q

pain management of OA

A

nsaids, opioids, steriods

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20
Q

surgery for tx of OA

A

joint fusion, joint replacement amuptation

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21
Q

this dz is predictable but always progressive

A

OA

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22
Q

Greenstick fx

A

incomplete

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23
Q

transverse fx

A

fx at a right angle to axis

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24
Q

comminuted fx

A

bone is in pieces

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25
Q

oblique fx

A

break is curved

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26
Q

salter harris fx

A

fx to growth plate

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27
Q

healing time for a puppy with a fx

A

6-9 weeks

28
Q

healing time for an adult with a fx

A

8-12 weeks

29
Q

treatment of fx depends on

A

the type, location, and if it is closed or open

30
Q

_____ is the most common cause of injury to the stifle and major cause of DJD

A

cruciate ligament injury

31
Q

clinical signs of cruciate ligament injury include

A

non wt bearing, acute, may have joint swelling

32
Q

diagnosis of an cruciate ligament injury includes

A

positive cranial drawer sign, and tibial compression test

33
Q

treatment of ______ includes lateral fabella-tibial procedure, TPLO, TTA

A

cruciate ligament injury

34
Q

TPLO

A

tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

35
Q

TTA

A

tibial tuberosity advancement

36
Q

osteochondrosis dissecans

A

a pathological condition, normal endochondral ossification is disturbed - aseptic necrosis of a cartilaginous flap causes failure of ossification

37
Q

the only sign for OCD is

A

lameness

38
Q

large / giant breed when growing rapildy, to much stress on a joint and a possible nutritional cause, are all causes of

A

OCD - osteochondrosis dissecans

39
Q

___ is a common dz that causes intermittent lameness and an onset of 6-8 months

A

panosteins

40
Q

signs of panosteins includes

A

shifting leg lameness, anorexia, pyrexia, wt loss, and reluctance to move

41
Q

how do you diagnose panosteins

A

pain with palpation of long bones, rads

42
Q

the treatment for this dz is pain control as it is usually self limiting

A

panosteins

43
Q

one thing to education clients about with panosteins

A

flare ups are common

44
Q

this dz occurs in fast growing large and giant breeds, causes a decreased blood flow to metaphysis, and leads to failure of ossification

A

hypertrophic osteodystophy

45
Q

possible causes of hypertrophic osteodystophy include

A

excessive calcium intake, CDV, recent vac

46
Q

one main clinical sign of hypertrophic osteodystophy includes

A

hunched back

47
Q

treatment for this dz includes NSAIDS and hospitalization for supportive care

A

hypertrophic osteodystophy

48
Q

70 -80% of these are medial luxations, and most are congenital

A

patellar luxations

49
Q

clinical signs of patellar luxations includes

A

intermittent gait problems, sudden problem

50
Q

one way to diagnose patellar luxations is to

A

palpate the knee while flexed

51
Q

surgical correction of this disease is typically only done with a grade greater than 2/4

A

patellar luxations

52
Q

____ is the #1 disease of the canine hip

A

hip dysplasia

53
Q

causes of hip dysplasia includes

A

genetics, increased muscle mass when developing bone, failure of the soft tissues to keep th femur in the acetabulum

54
Q

signs of this dz include: difficulty rising, stiffness that goes away w exercise, muscle atrophy, pain upon manipulation

A

hip dysplasia

55
Q

OFA (orthopedic foundation for animals)

A

diagnosis for Hip dysplasia

56
Q

___ treatment for hip dysplasia includes moderate exercise, weight control, nsaids, and nutriceuticals

A

conservative

57
Q

_____ treatment for hip dysplasia includes FHO, total hip replacement

A

surgical

58
Q

_____ is a progressive dz

A

hip dysplasia

59
Q

legg calve perthes (LCP)is

A

aseptic necrosis of the femoral head

60
Q

this dz commonly occurs in small breeds and some cats

A

LCP

61
Q

signs for LCP include:

A

limping, pain and muscle atrophy, and young animal

62
Q

the only diagnostic for LCP

A

radiographs

63
Q

removal of the femoral head / neck

A

treatment for LCP

64
Q

LCP results when _____ which results in ____

A

the blood supply to the femoral head is interrupted : avascular necrosis

65
Q

___ is believed to be an inherited dz

A

Legg calve perthes

Module 5 (18 decks)

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