musculoskeletal diseases

Question 1

___ most commonly affects the distal radius, proximal humerus, and distal femur

Answer 1

osteosarcomas

Question 2

osteosarcomas can be ____ and have an aggressive ___

Answer 2

fatal ; treatment

Question 3

diagnosis of osteosarcomas includes radiographs of

Answer 3

the affected area and the thorax

Question 4

treatment of osteosarcomas includes

Answer 4

amputation, chemotherapy, radiation, and pain control

Question 5

___ involves the muscles of mastication

Answer 5

masticatory myositis

Question 6

reluctance to eat, pain, and muscle atrophy are signs of _______

Answer 6

masticatory myositis

Question 7

treatment of masticatory myositis includes

Answer 7

steroids

Question 8

_____ has a lifetime treatment

Answer 8

masticatory myositis

Question 9

____ is typically secondary to trauma which involves tearing of the joint capsule and round ligament

Answer 9

hip luxations

Question 10

acute non weight bearing, lameness, and swelling over the hip are signs of

Answer 10

hip luxations

Question 11

diagnosis of hip luxations include

Answer 11

radiographs

Question 12

_____ reduction = manual replacement

Answer 12

closed

Question 13

_____ reduction = surgery to replace

Answer 13

open

Question 14

the prognosis of this disease is dependent on the amount of injury

Answer 14

hip luxations

Question 15

____ is the most common cause of chronic pain in dogs

Answer 15

OA

Question 16

majority of cases of this dz are diagnosed between 8-13 y/o

Answer 16

OA

Question 17

clinical signs of OA include

Answer 17

lameness, joint swelling muscle atrophy, and crepitation

Question 18

diagnosis of OA includes

Answer 18

clinical signs / signalment / Rads

Question 19

pain management of OA

Answer 19

nsaids, opioids, steriods

Question 20

surgery for tx of OA

Answer 20

joint fusion, joint replacement amuptation

Question 21

this dz is predictable but always progressive

Answer 21

OA

Question 22

Greenstick fx

Answer 22

incomplete

Question 23

transverse fx

Answer 23

fx at a right angle to axis

Question 24

comminuted fx

Answer 24

bone is in pieces

Question 25

oblique fx

Answer 25

break is curved

Question 26

salter harris fx

Answer 26

fx to growth plate

Question 27

healing time for a puppy with a fx

Answer 27

6-9 weeks

Question 28

healing time for an adult with a fx

Answer 28

8-12 weeks

Question 29

treatment of fx depends on

Answer 29

the type, location, and if it is closed or open

Question 30

_____ is the most common cause of injury to the stifle and major cause of DJD

Answer 30

cruciate ligament injury

Question 31

clinical signs of cruciate ligament injury include

Answer 31

non wt bearing, acute, may have joint swelling

Question 32

diagnosis of an cruciate ligament injury includes

Answer 32

positive cranial drawer sign, and tibial compression test

Question 33

treatment of ______ includes lateral fabella-tibial procedure, TPLO, TTA

Answer 33

cruciate ligament injury

Question 34

TPLO

Answer 34

tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

Question 35

TTA

Answer 35

tibial tuberosity advancement

Question 36

osteochondrosis dissecans

Answer 36

a pathological condition, normal endochondral ossification is disturbed - aseptic necrosis of a cartilaginous flap causes failure of ossification

Question 37

the only sign for OCD is

Answer 37

lameness

Question 38

large / giant breed when growing rapildy, to much stress on a joint and a possible nutritional cause, are all causes of

Answer 38

OCD - osteochondrosis dissecans

Question 39

___ is a common dz that causes intermittent lameness and an onset of 6-8 months

Answer 39

panosteins

Question 40

signs of panosteins includes

Answer 40

shifting leg lameness, anorexia, pyrexia, wt loss, and reluctance to move

Question 41

how do you diagnose panosteins

Answer 41

pain with palpation of long bones, rads

Question 42

the treatment for this dz is pain control as it is usually self limiting

Answer 42

panosteins

Question 43

one thing to education clients about with panosteins

Answer 43

flare ups are common

Question 44

this dz occurs in fast growing large and giant breeds, causes a decreased blood flow to metaphysis, and leads to failure of ossification

Answer 44

hypertrophic osteodystophy

Question 45

possible causes of hypertrophic osteodystophy include

Answer 45

excessive calcium intake, CDV, recent vac

Question 46

one main clinical sign of hypertrophic osteodystophy includes

Answer 46

hunched back

Question 47

treatment for this dz includes NSAIDS and hospitalization for supportive care

Answer 47

hypertrophic osteodystophy

Question 48

70 -80% of these are medial luxations, and most are congenital

Answer 48

patellar luxations

Question 49

clinical signs of patellar luxations includes

Answer 49

intermittent gait problems, sudden problem

Question 50

one way to diagnose patellar luxations is to

Answer 50

palpate the knee while flexed

Question 51

surgical correction of this disease is typically only done with a grade greater than 2/4

Answer 51

patellar luxations

Question 52

____ is the #1 disease of the canine hip

Answer 52

hip dysplasia

Question 53

causes of hip dysplasia includes

Answer 53

genetics, increased muscle mass when developing bone, failure of the soft tissues to keep th femur in the acetabulum

Question 54

signs of this dz include: difficulty rising, stiffness that goes away w exercise, muscle atrophy, pain upon manipulation

Answer 54

hip dysplasia

Question 55

OFA (orthopedic foundation for animals)

Answer 55

diagnosis for Hip dysplasia

Question 56

___ treatment for hip dysplasia includes moderate exercise, weight control, nsaids, and nutriceuticals

Answer 56

conservative

Question 57

_____ treatment for hip dysplasia includes FHO, total hip replacement

Answer 57

surgical

Question 58

_____ is a progressive dz

Answer 58

hip dysplasia

Question 59

legg calve perthes (LCP)is

Answer 59

aseptic necrosis of the femoral head

Question 60

this dz commonly occurs in small breeds and some cats

Answer 60

LCP

Question 61

signs for LCP include:

Answer 61

limping, pain and muscle atrophy, and young animal

Question 62

the only diagnostic for LCP

Answer 62

radiographs

Question 63

removal of the femoral head / neck

Answer 63

treatment for LCP

Question 64

LCP results when _____ which results in ____

Answer 64

the blood supply to the femoral head is interrupted : avascular necrosis

Question 65

___ is believed to be an inherited dz

Answer 65

Legg calve perthes