Muscular System 1-13 Flashcards
myo
muscle
epi
upon; above; on
endo
within; inside
peri
around
sacro
flesh
mere
part
What is the outer layer of fascia called?
Epimysium
What divides the muscle fibers into bundles?
Perimysium
aka = Fascicles
What is the inner layer of fascia?
Endomysium
Each muscle fiber has bundles of cylindrical organelles that extend the entire length of the cell is called?
Myofibrils
Myofibrils are composed of 2 smaller myofilaments that are called what?
Actin
Myosin
Actin
Is the thin filament
Myosin
Is the thick filament
Each segment of the Myofibrils are called what?
Sarcomere
When a muscle cell gets the signal to contract, the myosin heads bind to the actin filament and pull the actin fibers closer to the middle of the sarcomere this is called what?
Sliding Filament Mechanism
What is the smallest contractile unit of a muscle?
Sarcomere
What are the 3 different types of muscle contractions?
Tonic
Isometric
Isotonic
A constant low grade tension of the muscles is called?
Tonic
Does not create movement (aka posture)
A tension that is much higher then a tonic contraction is called?
Isometric
Does not create movement.
A strong contraction in the muscle that creates movement is called?
Isotonic
What are the two different Isotonic contractions?
- Concentric - the muscle shortens at the 2 attatchment sights.
- Eccentric - the muscle lengthens at the attachments move farther apart.
Where we are in space is called?
Proprioceptors
This is imbedded in joint capsules and ligaments and monitor the pressure, tension and movement of a joint.
Joint Receptors
This is found in the muscle cells, and they monitor changes in muscle length.
Muscle Spindles
This if found mainly in muscle tendons and monitor the tension level of tendons during muscle contraction.
Golgi Tendon Organ
What are the functions of the Muscular System?
- Movement of the body
- Maintains posture
- Helps stabilize joints
- Generates heat to maintain body temperatures
What is the clinical connection of massage for muscles?
- Relieves muscular pain
- Decrease adhesions
- Enhances muscle & joint function
- Improves skin & body tone
- Relieves fatigue
- Increases local circulation & blood flow
- Slows heart rate
Pathologies: Carpal Tunnel
Indicated
Pathologies: Planter Fascitis
Indicated
Cautions: Cortisone injections
Pathologies: Shin splints
Indicated
Cautions: Acute, compartment syndome (red, hot, swelling)
Pathologies: Spasms & Cramps
Indicated
Cautions: Splinting
Pathologies: Sprains & Strains
Indicated, locally contraindicated
Cautions: light work
Pathologies: Fibromyalgia
Indicated
Cautions: Gentle work, light
