Digestive System 1-11 Flashcards
gasr / gastro
stomach; gastrointestinal tract
enter
intestine
lip
fat
procto
anus; rectum
hepa / hepato
liver
What are the 2 groups that make up the Digestive System?
- Gastrointestinal Tract
- Upper GI tract
- Lower GI tract - Accessory Organs
The Gastrointestinal Tract is also called the _______
Alimentary canal (open at both ends)
What is the mechanical process of chewing called?
Mastication
What are the Components of the Digestive System?
- Pharynx
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine
How is food moved through the digestive tract?
Peristalsis
Once food enter the pharynx it is then called?
Bolus
What are the folds in the stomach called?
Rugae
What is the soupy mixture called once the stomach has been churned and mashed?
Chyme
Small Intestine
- Almost all absorption of vitamins and minerals happen here
- Lined with villi which increase the absorption surface
- 20 feet long
What are the 4 parts of the Large Intestine?
- Ascending - Right side of abdomen (hepatic flexure)
- Transverse - Upper portion of abdomen
- Descending - Left side of abdomen (splenic flexure)
- Sigmoid Colon
Rectum
Stores undigested food and waste products
Anus
Distal end and outlet of digestive tract (sphincter)
What are the Accessory Digestive Organs?
- Teeth and tongue
- Salivary glands
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
Teeth & Tongue
Teeth aid in the physical breakdown of food and the tongue assists in chewing and swallowing.
Salivary Glands
3 Pairs that produce saliva, serves as a lubricant to help food pass through GI tract, and begins the chemical breakdown of food.
Liver
Filters toxins, creates bile, storehouse for glycogen. Sits between the diaphragm and lower margin of rib cage.
Gallbladder
Small pear shaped pouch that stores bile
Pancreas
Regulates blood sugar, produces enzymes that break up proteins, fats, & carbs. Secretes insulin and glucagon. Sits behind the stomach
What are the 6 basic processes for digestion?
- Ingestion
- Secretion
- Mixing & Propulsion
- Digestion
- Absorption
- Defecation
What are the functions of the Digestive System?
- Digests food to provide nutrients for cellular metabolism
- Eliminates solid wastes from the body
- Assists in regulating body temperature by generating heat as a byproduct of metabolism
What is the Clinical Connection of the Digestive System?
- Abdominal massage stimulates peristalsis & therefore enhances elimination.
- Direct manual manipulation is indicated in some digestive system pathologies - movements should follow a clockwise path of food through the large intestine.
- Circulatory massage facilitates the flow of blood and can therefore facilitate absorption of nutrients from the digestive system and distribution of nutrients around the body.
Pathologies: Celiac Disease
Indicated
Pathologies: Crohn’s Disease
Indicated
Cautions: Not during flare up, adjustments to client’s positioning.
Pathologies: Diverticular Disease
Indicated
Cautions: Unless a fever is present
Pathologies: IBD
Indicated
Pathologies: Hepatitis
Indicated
Cautions: Acute is contraindicated, otherwise gentle work that is non-stressful is ok. Caution for therapist not to come in contact with bodily fluids.
