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Module 7 > Muscles & Tendons of Distal Limb > Flashcards

Muscles & Tendons of Distal Limb Flashcards

1
Q

what do the muscles of the antebrachium affect

A

joints of carpus and digits

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2
Q

where do muscles of the antebrachium originate

A

from epicondyles of humerus

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3
Q

where is the muscle belly of the atenbrachium muscles located

A

in antebrachium

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4
Q

where is the tendon insertion of the antebrachium muscles

A

distal to the carpus

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5
Q

where is the origin and insertion of the extensory carpi radialis muscle

A

O = lateral epicondyle of humerus

I = metacarpal bones

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6
Q

where is the extensor carpi radialis muscle located

A

cranial aspect of antebrachium

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7
Q

what is the function of the extensor carpi radialis muscle

A

crosses dorsal aspect carpus –> carpal EXTENSOR

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8
Q

what is the nerve supply to the extensor carpi radialis muscle

A

radial nerve

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9
Q

where does the oblique muscle cross and why is this a useful landmark

A

crosses at level at carpus

useful landmark for extensor carpi radialis muscle

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10
Q

what muscle is this

A

extensor carpi radialis muscle

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11
Q

what is the origin and insertion of the common digital extensor muscle

A

O = lateral epicondyle of humerus

I = all digits (distal phalanx - extensor process)

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12
Q

what is the location of the common digital extensor muscle

A

cranio-lateral aspect of antebrachium

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13
Q

what muscle is this

A

common digital extensor muscle

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14
Q

what is the funciton of the common digital extensor muscle

A

crosses dorsal aspect carpus –> carpal extensor

crosses dorsal aspect metacarpo-phalangeal joints & interphalangeal joints –> digital extensor

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15
Q

what is the nerve supply to the common digital extensor muscle

A

radial nerve

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16
Q

where do the digital extensory muscle tendons insert to

A

dorsal aspect of limb

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17
Q

how many branches are there of the common digital extensor muscle tendons in the dog

A

4 branches (+1 to dew claw)

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18
Q

how many branches of the common digital extensor muscle tendons are in the horse

A

1 branch

attaches dorsal aspect phalanges

protected by joint capsules (bursae)

recieves suspensory ligament branches

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19
Q

what muscle tendon is this

A

common digital extensor muscle tendons

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20
Q

where is the origin and insertion of the extensor capri ulnaris/ulnaris lateralis muscle

A

O = lateral epicondyle of humerus

I = metacarpal bone + ACB

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21
Q

where is the location of the extensor capri ulnaris/ulnaris lateralis muscle

A

lateral aspect of the antebrachium

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22
Q

what is the function of the extensor capri ulnaris/ulnaris lateralis muscle

A

crosses lateral aspect of carpus

carpal extensory + flexor

depends on the position of the limb

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23
Q

what is the nerve supply of the extensory capri ulnaris/ulnaris lateralis muscle

A

radial nerve

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24
Q

what muscle is this

A

extensory capri ulnaris/ulnaris lateralis muscle

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25
what is the origin and insertion of the flexor capri ulnaris muscle
O = medial epicondyle O = olecranon process of ulna I = ACB
26
what is the function of the flexor capri ulnaris muscle
crosses caudal aspect carpus --\> carpal flexor
27
what is the nerve supply to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
median & ulnar nerves
28
what muscle is this
flexor capri ulnaris muscle
29
what is the origin and insertion of the superficial digital flexor muscle
O = medial epicondyle I = all digits (middle phalanx)
30
what is the location of the superficial digital flexor muscle
caudal aspect of the limb
31
what is the function of the superficial digital flexor muscle
crosses palmar aspect of carpus --\> carpal flexor crosses palmar aspect of metacarpo-phalangeal joints & proximal interphalangeal joints --\> digital flexor
32
what is the nerve supply of the superficial digital flexor muscle
median and ulnar nerves
33
what muscle is this
superficial digital flexor muscle
34
where are the superficial digital flexor muscle tendons insertions
palmar aspect of digit
35
how many branches of the superficial digital flexor muscle tendons are there in the dog
4 branches (1+ dew claw)
36
how many branches of the superficial digital flexor muscle tendons are there in the horse
1 branch recieves accessory check ligament from radius --\> proximal to carpus (limits length of tendon and protects muscle belly)
37
what is the function of the superficial digital flexor muscle tendons
splits to allow passage of DDFT and insters middle phalanx
38
what is this muscle
superficial digital flexor muscle tendons top arrow = accessory check ligament bottom arrow = SDFT
39
what muscle is this
superficial digital flexor muscle tendon
40
what is the origin and insertion of the deep digital flexor muscle
O = medial epicondyle O = radius and ulna I = all digits (palmar process distal phalanx)
41
what is the location of the deep digital flexor muscle
caudal aspect of limb
42
what is the function of the deep digital flexor muscle
crosses palmar aspect carpus --\> carpal flexor crosses palmar aspect metacarpo-phalangeal joints & both interphalangeal joints --\> digital flexor
43
what is the nerve supply to the deep digital flexor muscle
median and ulnar nerves
44
what muscle is this
deep digital flexor muscle
45
where do the deep digital flexor muscle tendons of insertion
palmar aspect limb
46
how many branches of the deep digital flexor muscle tendons are there in the dog
4 branches (+1 to dew claw)
47
how many branches of the deep digital flexor muscle tendon are there in the horse
1 branch
48
what does the deep digital flexor muscle tendon recieve in the horse
accessory check ligament
49
what is the function of the deep digital flexor muscle tendon in the horse and where does it run
extension of carpal joint capsule distal to carpus limits length of tendon/protects muscle belly
50
what is the function of the deep digital flexor muscle tendon in the horse and dog
pass through split in the SDFT to insert to distal phalanx horse runs over distal sesamoid
51
what are the extensor muscles of the distal limb
1. extensor capri radialis 2. extensor carpi unaris 3. common digital extensor
52
what are the origin of the extensor muscles of the distal limb
lateral epicondyle of humerus
53
where are the extensor muscles located in the distal limb
cranial/dorsal aspect of limb
54
what is the nerve supply of the extensor muscles of the distal limb
radial nerve
55
what are the flexor muscles in the distal limb
1. flexor carpi ulnaris 2. superficial digital flexor 3. deep digital flexor
56
what are the origins of the flexor muscles in the distal limb
medial epicondyle of humerus
57
where are the flexor muscles located in the distal limb
located caudal/palmar aspect of limb
58
what is the nerve supply of the flexor muscles in the distal limb
median and ulnar nerves
59
where do the extensor and flexor tendons run in the equine carpus
extensor tendons - dorsal aspect flexor tendons - palmar aspect run through the carpal canal
60
what are the boundaries of carpal canal
dorsal: palmar aspect of carpal joint capsule lateral: ACB palmar: palmar flexion retinaculum (sleeve of fibrous tissue encasing limb)
61
what are the contents of the carpal canal
deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) blood vessels & nerves
62
what is a tendon sheath
fluid filled protects tendon where pass through confined spaces
63
what does inflammation in a tendon sheath cause
increased fluid volume/pressure bulges proximally and distally
64
what is on the dorsal aspect of the equine limb
the CDE
65
how is the CDE held in place
by retinaculum
66
how are the SDFT and DDFT held in place
carpal canal annular ligaments (fetlock and pastern regions) length limited by check ligaments
67
which ligament is this
common digital extensor
68
which ligaments are these
annular ligaments
69
what tendons are on the dorsal aspect of the equine limb
the extensor tendons
70
what tendons are on the palmar aspect of the equine limb
SDFT DDFT check ligament (fuses with DDFT) suspensory ligament (splits into 2 branches)
71
what are these structures
a. SDFT b. DDFT c. check ligament (fuses with DDFT) d. suspensory ligament (splits into 2 branches)
72
what are these structures
1. splints 2. joint capsule (between suspensory ligament and MC/MT3) 3. tendon sheath (palmar to suspensory ligament and proximal to annular ligament)
73
what structures are shown
74
what structures are shown
deep digital flexor muscle tendons yellow arrow = accessory check ligament in horse blue arrow = SDFT
75
identify the structures of the antebrachium
76
identify the structures of the antebrachium
77
identify the deep structures of the antebrachium
78
identify the structures
79
identify the major extensors and flexors of the forelimb in the dog
80
identify the muscles of the equine forelimb
81
identify the muscles of the equine forelimb
82
identify the structures
83
what are the functions of the SDFT and DDFT
provide palmar support for carpus and all distal limb joints

Module 7 (50 decks)

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