muscles of the head

Question 1

muscles of the head: facial expression

Answer 1

insert into skin or other muscles (not bones)

innervated by Facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 2

epicranius

Answer 2

scalp muscle (bipartile muscle)

frontal belly (frontalis) - raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

occipital belly (occipitalis) - fixes aponeurosis, pulls scalp posteriorly

Question 3

platysma

Answer 3

depress mandible
tenses skin of neck (shaving muscle)
SYNERGIST

Question 4

orbicularis oculi

Answer 4

surrounds rim of orbit
protects eye (from light and injury)
closes eye, squints, draws eyebrows down

Question 5

orbicularis oris

Answer 5

lips, multilayered, closes, purses, protrudes and lips

Question 6

mentalis

Answer 6

V-shaped pair
pout (protrudes lip)
wrinkles chin

Question 7

zygomaticus

Answer 7

raises corners of mouth (smiling muscle)
zygomatic bone to corner of mouth

Question 8

buccinator

Answer 8

whistling, sucking, holding food in place when chewing, esp in nursing infants
deep to masseter

Question 9

muscles of the head: tongue movement

Answer 9

3 muscles anchor and move tongue
innervated by hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 10

genioglossus

Answer 10

prime mover of tongue protrusion

anchors tongue to allow breathing

Question 11

styloglossus

Answer 11

retracts and elevates tongue
antagonist of genioglossus

Question 12

hyoglossus

Answer 12

hyoid bone origin
depresses tongue, especially in lateral margins

Question 13

muscles of the head: mastication (chewing)

Answer 13

four pairs
innervated by mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Question 14

masseter

Answer 14

prime mover of jaw closure

Question 15

temporalis

Answer 15

elevates and retracts mandible (closes jaw)
maintains closed jaw at rest

Question 16

medial and lateral pterygoid

Answer 16

additional jaw movements (side to side grinding)

Question 17

muscles that move the eyeball

Answer 17

there are 6 plus 4 additional structures

Question 18

superior rectus muscle

Answer 18

elevates eye and moves it medially
(oculomotor CN III)

Question 19

inferior rectus muscle

Answer 19

depresses eye and moves it medially
(oculomotor CN III)

Question 20

lateral rectus muscle

Answer 20

moves eye laterally
(abducens CN VI)

Question 21

medial rectus muscle

Answer 21

moves eye medially
(oculomotor CN III)

Question 22

superior oblique muscle

Answer 22

depresses eye and moves it laterally
(trochlear CN IV)

Question 23

inferior oblique muscle

Answer 23

elevates eye and moves it laterally
(oculomotor CN III)

Question 24

rectus

Answer 24

straight (and sometimes medially turn)

Question 25

oblique

Answer 25

elevate and laterally turn or depress and laterally turn