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Musculoskeletal (Milly's) > Muscles Of The Hand > Flashcards

Muscles Of The Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A

Extrinsic- located in the anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm, they control crude movements and produce a forceful grip

Intrinsic- located within the hand itself, they are responsible for the fine motor functions of the hand

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2
Q

How many intrinsic muscles of the hand are there? Name them

A 
6:
Adductor pollicis 
Palmaris Blevins
Interossei
Lumbricals
Thenar 
Hypothenar
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3
Q

What nerve innervates the thenar muscles?

A

Median

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4
Q

How many muscles make up the thenar eminance, name them?

A

3:
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis Brevis
Flexor pollicis Brevis

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5
Q

Where does the opponens pollicis lie in relation to the other thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Largest and lies underneath them

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6
Q

What are the attachments of the opponens pollicis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Originates from the tubercle of the trapezium and associated flexor retinaculum

Inserts into the lateral margin of the metacarpal of the thumb

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7
Q

What is the action of the opponens pollicis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Opposed the thumb, by medially rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium

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8
Q

What nerve innervates the opponens pollicis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Median nerve

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9
Q

In relation to the other thenar muscles of the hand, where is the abductor pollicis Brevis ?

A

Found anteriorly to the opponens pollicis and proximal to the flexor pollicis brevis

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10
Q

What are the attachments of the abductor pollicis brevis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Originates from the tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium and from the associated flexor retinaculum

Attaches to the lateral side of proximal phalanx of the thumb

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11
Q

What is the action of the abductor pollicis brevis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Abducts the thumb

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12
Q

What nerve innervates the abductor pollicis brevis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Median

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13
Q

Where is the flexor pollicis brevis muscle in relation to the other thenar muscles of the hand?

A

Most distal of the muscles

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14
Q

What are the attachments of the flexor pollicis brevis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Originates from the tubercle of the trapezium and from the associated flexor retinaculum

Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

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15
Q

What is the action of the flexor pollicis brevis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) join of the thumb

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16
Q

What nerve innervates the flexor pollicis brevis, one of the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

Median

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17
Q

How many muscles make up the hypothenar eminence? Name them

A

3:
Opponens digiti minimi,
Abductor digiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi brevis

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18
Q

In relation to the other hypothenar muscles, where is the opponens digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Lies deep to the others

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19
Q

What are the attachments of the opponens digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Originates from the hook of hamate and associated flexor retinaculum

Inserts into the medial margin of metacarpal V

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20
Q

What is the action of the opponens digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Rotaries the metacarpal of the little finger towards the palm, producing opposition

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21
Q

What nerve innervates the opponens digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Ulnar

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22
Q

In relation to the other muscles of the hypothenar, where is the abductor digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Most superficial muscle

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23
Q

What are the attachments of the abductor digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Originates from the pisiform and the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

24
Q

What is the action of the abductor digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Abducts the little finger

25
Q

What nerve innervates the abductor digiti minimi muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

26
Q

In relation to the other. Hypothenar muscles, where is the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Lies laterally to the abductor digiti minimi

27
Q

What are the attachments of the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Originates from the hook of hamate and adjacent flexor retinaculum

Inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

28
Q

What is the action of the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

Flexes the MCP joint of the little finger

29
Q

What nerve innervates the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle of the hypothenar eminence in the hand?

A

The ulnar nerve

30
Q

How many lumbricals are there in the hand and what are each associated with?

A

4, 1 for each finger

31
Q

What do the lumbricals in the hand link?

A

The extensor tendons to the flexor tendons

32
Q

Denervation of the lumbricals of the hand is the basis for what conditions?

A

Ulnar claw

Hand of benediction

33
Q

What are the attachments of the lumbricals of the hand?

A

Each originates from a tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus

Insert into extensor hood

34
Q

What root do the lumbricals take along the fingers?

A

Travel dorsally and laterally to the finger

35
Q

What is the action of the lumbricals of the hand?

A

Flexion at the MCP joint and extend at the IP joints of each finger

36
Q

What nerve innervates the lumbricals of the hand?

A

Two medial lumbricals- ulnar nerve

Two lateral lumbricals- median nerve

37
Q

Where are interossei muscles found?

A

Between the metacarpals

38
Q

What are the 2 interossei muscle groups called?

A

Dorsal interossei

Palmar interossei

39
Q

What are the attachments of the dorsal interossei muscles of the hand?

A

Each originates from the lateral and medial surfaces of the metacarpals

Attach into the extensor hood and proximal phalanx of each finger

40
Q

What is the action of the dorsal interossei muscles of the hand?

A

Abducts the fingers at the MCP joint

And assists the lumbricals in flexion at MCP joints and extension at the IP joints

41
Q

What nerve innervates the dorsal interossei of the hand?

A

Ulnar nerve

42
Q

How many dorsal interossei muscles are there?

43
Q

How many palmar interossei muscles are there?

44
Q

What are the attachments of the palmar interossei muscles of the hand?

A

Each originates form the medial or lateral surface of a metacarpal

Attaches to the extensor hood and proximal phalanx

45
Q

What are the actions of the palmar interossei muscles of the hand?

A

Adduction of the fingers at the MCP joint

And assists the lumbricals in flexion at MCP joints and extension at the IP joints

46
Q

What nerve innervates the palmar interossei?

A

Ulnar nerve

47
Q

Name the two other muscles found in the hand that are neither lumbricals, interossei, hypothenar nor thenar muscles

A

Palmaris brevis and adductor pollicis

48
Q

What is the palmaris brevis?

A

Small, thin muscles found very superficially in the subcutaneous tissue of the hypothenar eminence

49
Q

What are the attachments of the palmaris brevis muscle in the hand?

A

Originates from the palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum

Attaches to the dermis of the skin on the medial margin of the hand

50
Q

What is the action of the palmaris brevis in the hand?

A

Wrinkles the skin of the hypothenar eminence and deepens the curvature of the hand, improving grip

51
Q

What nerve innervates the palmaris brevis muscle of the hand?

A

Ulnar nerve

52
Q

What is the adductor pollicis muscle of the hand?

A

Large triangular muscle with two heads- forms the deep Palmar arch

53
Q

What is the interaction of the radial artery and the adductor pollicis?

A

The radial artery passes anteriorly through the space between the two heads

54
Q

What are the attachments of the adductor pollicis muscle of the hand?

A

One head- from metacarpal 3
One head- from capitate and adjacent areas of metacarpals 2 and 3

Attach into the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

55
Q

What is the action of the adductor pollicis muscle of the hand?

A

Adductor of the thumb

56
Q

What nerve innervates the adductor pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve

57
Q

What nerve innervates the hypothenar eminence?

A

The ulnar nerve

Musculoskeletal (Milly's) (28 decks)

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