Extrinsic Muscles Of The Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What are the extrinsic muscle? (Why classes as this?)

A

Those that originate from the trunk and attach to the shoulder bones

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2
Q

What are the superficial extrinsic shoulder muscles?

A

Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

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3
Q

What are the deep extrinsic shoulder muscles? (3)

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major

(***All beneath the trapezoid)

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4
Q

What are the attachments of the trapezoid?

A

Originates from the skull, nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T12
Attached to the clavicle, acromion and scapula spine

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5
Q

What nerve innervates the trapezoid?

A

Accessory nerve (plus proprioceptor fibres form C3 and C4 spinal nerves)

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6
Q

What is the action of the upper fibres of the trapezoid?

A

Elevates the scapula and rotates it during abduction of the arm

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7
Q

What is the action of the middle fibres of the trapezoid muscle?

A

Retract the scapula

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8
Q

What is the action of the lower fibres of the trapezoid?

A

Depression of the scapula

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9
Q

How can you test the accessory nerve?

A

By assessing the trapezoid function
- ask patient to shrug shoulders

There may also be muscle wasting of trapezoid-asymmetrical neckline

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10
Q

What are the attachments of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Arises from the spinous processes of T6-T12, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and inferior 3 ribs
Fibres converge to tendon which attached to inter-tubercular sulcus of the humerus (bicipital grove)

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11
Q

What nerve innervates latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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12
Q

What is the action of latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends, adducts and medically rotates the upper limb

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13
Q

What is the attachment of the levator scapulae?

A

Originates from the transverse processes of the C1-C4 vertebrae and attaches to the medial border of the scapula

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14
Q

What nerve innervates levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve and cervical nerve (C3-C5)

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15
Q

What is the action of the levator scapulae?

A

Elevates (and rotates) the scapula

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16
Q

Which of the two rhomboid muscles is superior?

A

Rhomboid minor

17
Q

What is the attachment of rhomboid major?

A

Originates from the spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae,

Attached to the medial border of the scapula (between scapula spine and inferior angle)

18
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid major?

A

Dorsal scapula nerve

19
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid major?

A

Retracts and rotates the scapula

20
Q

What are the attachments of rhomboid minor?

A

Originates from the spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae

Attaches to the medial border of the scapula (same level as spine of scapula)

21
Q

What nerve innervates the rhomboid minor muscle?

A

Doral scapula nerve

22
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid minor muscle?

A

Retracts and rotates the scapula

23
Q

What is the blood supply to the trapezius?

A

Transverse cervical artery

24
Q

What is the blood supply of the lattissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal artery

25
Q

What is the blood supply of the levator scapulae?

A

Transverse cervical artery and ascending cervical artery

26
Q

What is the blood supply to the rhomboid major and minor?

A

Dorsal scapular artery