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Anatomy & Physiology > Muscles Lab > Flashcards

Muscles Lab Flashcards

1
Q

abductor pollicis longus (2)

A

extends thumb, adbucts wrist

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2
Q

biceps brachii (2)

origin & insertion

A

flexes elbow joint, supinate forearm (twist and pulling action)

origin= glenoid cavity

insertion = radial tuberosity

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3
Q

brachialis (1)

A

major forearm flexor (PM)

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4
Q

brachioradialis

origin & insertion

A

forearm flexion at elbow (synergist)

origin = lateral ridge of humerus

insertion = styloid process of radius

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5
Q

deltoid

origin & insertion

A

abducts arm (PM) all fibers

origin = spine of scapula

insertion = Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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6
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus (2)

A

extends, abducts wrist

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7
Q

extensor digitorium (2)

A

extends fingers (PM), extends wrist

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8
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

origin & insertions

A

extends, adducts wrist

origin = posterior border ulna

insertion = metacarpal 5

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9
Q

flexor carpi radialis

origin & insertions

A

powerful wrist flexor (PM), abducts hand

origin = medial epicondyle of humerus
insertion = Base of metacarpal II and III
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10
Q

flexor carpi ulnarius

origins & insertions

A

powerful wrist flexor (PM), abducts hand

origin = medial epicondyle humerus posterior side ulna

insertion = metacarpal 5 pisiform hamate

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11
Q

flexor digitorium superficiales

A

flexes wrist & middle phalanges of fingers 1-5

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12
Q

palmaris longus

A

weak wrist flexor

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13
Q

pectoralis major

origins & insertions

A

flexes arm (PM), rotates medially (climbing, throwing, pushing muscle)

origins = clavicle

insertion = intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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14
Q

pronator teres

origins & insertions

A

pronates forearm

origin = coronoid process of ulna
insertion = mid radius
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15
Q

teres major

A

extends, abducts, & medially rotate humerus

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16
Q

triceps brachii (2)

origin & insertion

A

extends forearm at elbow (PM), stabilizes shoulder joint

origin = radial groove

insertion = olecranon process ulna

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17
Q

rotator cuff

A

stabilizes shoulder joint by holding head of humerus in joint

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18
Q

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

A

subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

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19
Q

infraspinatus origins & insertions

A

origin = infraspinous fossa

insertions = greater tubercle of humerus

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20
Q

supraspinatus origins & insertions

A 
origin = supraspinous fossa
insertion = greater tubercle of humerus
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21
Q

subscapularis origins & insertions

A 
origins = subscapularis fossa
insertion = greater tubercle of humerus
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22
Q

teres minor origins & insertions

A 
origin = lateral margin of scapula
insertion = greater tubercle of humerus
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23
Q

What are the prime movers of the arm? (7)

A

brachialis, deltoid, extensor digitorium, flexor carpi radialus, flexor carpi ulnarius, pectoralis major, triceps brachii

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24
Q

in the arm muscle anterior are ____ and posterior are _____

A

flexor

extensor

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25
Q

what muscles make up the erector spinae muscles?

A

illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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26
Q

rectus sheath

A

aponeurosis that covers the rectus abdominis

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27
Q

errector spine muscles

A

extension of the vertebral column

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28
Q

external intercostals

A

elevate rib cage

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29
Q

external oblique

A

increase intra-abdominal pressure

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30
Q

internal intercostals

A

depress rib cage

31
Q

latissimus dorsi

origin & insertion

A

extends arm

origin = iliac crest
insertion = intertubercular sulcus humerus
32
Q

rectus abdominis

A

increase intra-abdominal pressure

33
Q

serratus anterior

A

raises arm for horizontal arm movement

34
Q

transverse abdominis

A

compresses abdomial contents

35
Q

extensor digitorum longus (2)

A

extends toe

dorsiflexes foot

36
Q

fibularis brevis

A

plantar flexes and everts foot

37
Q

fibularis longus

A

planar flexes and everts foot

38
Q

gastrocnemius (2)

origin & insertion

A

plantar flexes foot
flexes knee

origin = medial lateral condyle of femur
insertion = calcaneus
39
Q

soleus

origin & insertion

A

plantar flexes foot

origin = proximal tibia and fibula
insertion = calcaneous
40
Q

tibialis anterior (2)

origin & insertion

A

dorsiflexes foot
inverts foot

origin = upper 2/3 of tibia
insertion = first cuneiform and metatarsal 1
41
Q

What are the prime movers of the leg muscles? (4)

A

extensor digitorium longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, tibialis anterior

42
Q

psoas major (2)

A

same as iliacus

laterally flexes vertebral column

43
Q

iliacus (2)

A

flexes thigh

flexes trunk on thigh (bends torso forward)

44
Q

gluteus maximus

A

extends thigh (as in climbing and running)

45
Q

gluteus medius (3).

A

abducts, medially rotates thigh (important in running)

46
Q

gracilis (3)

A

adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh

47
Q

adductor magnus (3)

A

adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh

48
Q

adductor longus (4)

A

adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh (anterior portion of muscle)

49
Q

pectineus

A

adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh

50
Q

sartorius (5)

A

adducts, flexes, laterally rotates thigh
flexes knee
“tailors muscle” used for crossing the legs

51
Q

biceps femoris (3)

origin & insertion

A

extends thigh
flexes knee
laterally rotates leg

origin = linea aspera
insertion = fibula head
52
Q

semitendinosus (3)

origin & insertion

A

extends thigh at hip
flexes knee
medially rotates leg

origin = ischial tuberosity
insertion = lateral condyle of femur
53
Q

semimembranosus (2)

origin & insertion

A

extend thigh
flexes knee

origin = ischial tuberosity
insertion = medial side of tibia
54
Q

rectus femoris (2)

origin & insertion

A

extends knee
flexes thigh at hip

origin = anterior inferior iliac spine
insertion = tibial tuberosity
55
Q

vastus lateralis (2)

origin & insertion

A

extends (and stabilizes) the knee

origin = linea aspera
insertion = tibial tuberosity
56
Q

vastus medialis

origin & insertion

A

extends the knee

origin = linia aspera
insertion = tibial tuberosity
57
Q

hamstrings (3)

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

58
Q

quadriceps (4)

A

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastas medialis, vastus intermedius

59
Q

What are the PM of the thigh? (8)

A

iliacus, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranous, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis

60
Q

Buccinator (2)

A

compresses cheek

draws corner of mouth laterally

61
Q

depressor labii inferioris (2)

A

draws lower lip inferiorly

pout

62
Q

frontalis (2)

A

raises eyebrows

wrinkles forehead skin

63
Q

levator labii superioris (2)

A

opens lip

raises & furrows upper lip

64
Q

masseter (2)

A 
jaw closure (PM)
elevates mandible
65
Q

mentalis (2)

A

protrude lower lip

wrinkles chin

66
Q

orbicularis oris (2)

A

closes lips

protrudes & purses lips (kissing muscle)

67
Q

orbicularis oculi (2)

A

blinks eye

squint

68
Q

zygomatic major & minor (2)

A

raises corners of mouth upwards

smiling muscle

69
Q

risorius (2)

A

draws corners of lip laterally

tenses lips

70
Q

temporalis (2)

A 
jaw closure (PM)
elevate mandible
71
Q

trapezius

origins & insertions

A

stabilizes, raises, retracts, rotates scapula

origin = occipital bone
insertion = lateral third of clavicle
72
Q

platysma (2)

A

depresses mandible

produces downward sag of mouth

73
Q

sternocleidomastoid

origin (2) & insertion

A

head flexion (PM)

origin = manubrium of sternum

insertion = mastoid process

Anatomy & Physiology (23 decks)

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