Exam 4

Question 1

pons and medulla oblongata centers

Answer 1

pons = respiration

medulla oblongata = respiratory and cardiovascular

Question 2

intellect, cognition recall, personality is in

Answer 2

prefrontal cortex

Question 3

brocas area =

wernikes area =

Answer 3

brocas = speech
wernike = understand written & spoken language

Question 4

brocas are is in the ___ lobe

Answer 4

parietal

Question 5

visual association area functions (2) damage?

Answer 5

associate spelling with image
recognize objects
can see but cannot comprehend

Question 6

voluntary muscle movement occurs in the

Answer 6

cerebellum

Question 7

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 7

circadian rhythm for sleep

Question 8

transection between T1 and L1

vs

Cord transection in the cervical area

Answer 8

paraplegia

quadriplegia

Question 9

flaccid paralysis is damage in the ___ neuron of the ___

spastic paralysis is damage in the ___ of the ___

Answer 9

lower motor neuron of the ventral horn

upper motor neuron of the primary motor cortex

Question 10

bells palsy is damage in the __th nerve

Answer 10

7

Question 11

what are the 10 functions of the hypothalamus

Answer 11

1. Regulates sleep-wake cycles. Suprachiasmatic nucleus (biological clock)
2. Thirst centers.
3. Controls electrolytes and ions
4. Regulates body temperature
5. Autonomic control center for many visceral functions
6. Produces hormones
7. Controls the Endocrine system
8. Blood pressure, rate and force of heartbeat,
9. hunger center
10. respiration

Question 12

parkinsons is the ___ of the nuclei. it does/not have lots of dopamine

huntington/schizophrenia is the ___ of the nuclei it does/not have lots of dopamine

Answer 12

parkinsons = overactive nuclei, lots of dopamine

huntington = deterioration nuclei, low dopamine

Question 13

worksheet - acronym for order of nerves & if they are mixed/sensory/motor

Question 14

shallow groove

Answer 14

sulcus

Question 15

order of the meninges and space in between

Answer 15

epidural space
dura mater
subdural space
arachnoid
subarachnoid space
pia mater

Question 16

cell bodies are (color) and myelinated axons are (color)

Answer 16

cell bodies = grey

axons = white

Question 17

In the CNS
inside = (color)
outside =

In the PNS
inside =
outside =

Answer 17

In the CNS
inside = white
outside = grey

In the PNS
inside = grey
outside = white

Question 18

In the CNS
cell bodies =
bundles of axons =

In the PNS
cell bodies =
bundles of axons =

Answer 18

In the CNS
cell bodies = nuclei
bundles of axons = tract

In the PNS
cell bodies = ganglia
bundles of axons = nerves

Question 19

what are the 3 organs of the brain stem?

Answer 19

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 20

The primary auditory cortex is located in

Answer 20

temporal lobe

Question 21

What are the diencephalon structures? (11)

Answer 21

Thalamus

• Hypothalamus
• posterior pituitary gland
• mamillary bodies
• pineal gland
• choroid plexus of the third ventricle
• optic nerve
• optic chiasma
• optic tract
• Retina
• infundibulum

Question 22

the L and R cerebral hemispheres are connected by

Answer 22

corpus callosum

Question 23

all sensory info is first relayed here

Answer 23

thalamus

Question 24

function of the reticular formation

Answer 24

alertness

Question 25

can trace picture but cannot recognize it. damage in the

Answer 25

visual association area

Question 26

lymbic system function

Answer 26

emotion regulation

Question 27

meningitis - usually in which layers?

Answer 27

inflammation of the meninges, usually in the pia & arachnoid mater

Question 28

what is the function of the gyri and sulci?

Answer 28

increase SA

Question 29

is cerebral cortex white or grey mater

Answer 29

grey

Question 30

pituitary gland is related to the ___ thru the ___

Answer 30

hypothalamus, infundibulum

Question 31

dorsal horn lateral horn ventral horn contains what?

Answer 31

``` dorsal = interneurons lateral = visceral motor neurons ventral = somatic motor neuronss ```

Question 32

spinothalmic tract is ascending or descending tract

Answer 32

ascending

Question 33

lumbar punture is done below

Answer 33

L2

Question 34

PNS consists of 31 ___ and 12 ___ nerves

Answer 34

31 spinal, 12 cranial

Question 35

polio affects the ___ and results in spastic/flaccid paralysis

Answer 35

ventral grey horn (lower motor neurons) | flaccid paralysis

Question 36

flaccid paralysis is damage in the upper/lower motor neurons

Answer 36

lower motor neuron

Question 37

there are no ___ in CSF

Answer 37

RBC

Question 38

this nerve bypasses the thalamus

Answer 38

olfactory

Question 39

gustatory is which location of brain

Answer 39

insula

Question 40

intelligence, abstract thinking in the ___ lobe

Answer 40

frontal

Question 41

function of the occipital lobe

Answer 41

vision

Question 42

the pyramidal tract (corticospinal) originates in the ___

Answer 42

cortex

Question 43

helps maintain brains stable enviornment

Answer 43

blood brain barrier

Question 44

hydrocephalus in adutls are critical because

Answer 44

bones dont expand so increases in cranial pressure damages the brain

Question 45

language/math is dominant in which hemisphere

Answer 45

left

Question 46

ascending pathways end in the

Answer 46

somatosensory cortex