Muscles Hip to Stifle

Question 1

What are the lumbar muscles

Answer 1

Psoas major, psoas minor, iliacus, iliopsoas

Question 2

Origin/insertion of psoas major

Answer 2

Lumbar vertebrae; lesser trochanter

Question 3

Action of psoas major

Answer 3

Flex hip

Question 4

Innervation of psoas major

Answer 4

Spinal nerves and femoral nerve

Question 5

Origin/insertion of psoas minor

Answer 5

Thoracolumbar vertebrae; ilium

Question 6

Action of psoas minor

Answer 6

Tilt pelvis

Question 7

Innervation of psoas minor

Answer 7

Spinal nerves

Question 8

Origin and insertion of iliacus

Answer 8

Wing of ilium and sacrum; lesser trochanter

Question 9

Innervation of iliacus

Answer 9

Spinal nerves and femoral

Question 10

What muscles form iliopsoas

Answer 10

Psoas major and iliacus

Question 11

Function of iliopsoas

Answer 11

Flex hip

Question 12

What muscles form the gluteal muscles

Answer 12

Superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, deep gluteal, tensor fascia latae, accessory gluteal (horse only)

Question 13

Origin and insertion of superficial gluteal

Answer 13

Sacrum -> third trochanter (if present)

Question 14

Innervation of SUPERFICIAL gluteal

Answer 14

Caudal gluteal n

Question 15

Origin and insertion of middle gluteal

Answer 15

Ilium -> greater trochanter

Question 16

Innervation of MIDDLE gluteal

Answer 16

Cranial gluteal n

Question 17

Action of superficial, middle and deep gluteal

Answer 17

Hip extensors; abduct limb

Question 18

Origin and insertion of tensor fascia latae

Answer 18

Tuber coxae -> fascia lata

Question 19

Innervation of tensor fascia latae

Answer 19

Cranial gluteal n

Question 20

Action of tensor fascia latae

Answer 20

Flex hip; extend stifle

Question 21

What is fascia latae

Answer 21

The aponeurosis of tensor fascia latae

Question 22

What is the insertion of the accessory gluteal

Answer 22

Cranial greater trochanter

Question 23

What lubricates the passage of the accessory gluteal

Answer 23

Trochanteric bursa

Question 24

What is the origin and insertion of the deep gluteal

Answer 24

Ischium -> greater trochanter

Question 25

Innervation of deep gluteal

Answer 25

Cranial gluteal n

Question 26

What makes up the hamstring aka caudal group of muscles

Answer 26

Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

Question 27

Origin and insertion of biceps femoris

Answer 27

Ischial tuber and sacrotuberous ligament to a broad insertion on the fascia surrounding the stifle

Question 28

Action of biceps femoris

Answer 28

Hip extensor (powerful); can flex or extend the stifle

Question 29

What muscle is unique to sheep

Answer 29

Glutebiceps (superficial gluteal and biceps femoris fuse)

Question 30

Origin and insertion of semimembranosus

Answer 30

Pelvis -> medial aspect of femur

Question 31

Action of semimembranosus

Answer 31

Hip extensor

Question 32

What muscle makes up the cranial/antigravity group of muscles

Answer 32

Quadriceps femoris

Question 33

What muscles make up quadriceps femoris

Answer 33

Rectus femoris, vastus medius, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius

Question 34

Action of quadriceps

Answer 34

Extend the stifle; rectus femoris also flexes the hip

Question 35

Innervation of quadriceps

Answer 35

Femoral nerve

Question 36

Origin and insertion of rectus femoris

Answer 36

Ilium -> tibial tuberosity

Question 37

Origin and insertion of vastus medius/lateralis/intermedius

Answer 37

Proximal femur -> tibial tuberosity

Question 38

If the femoral nerve is damaged, what is the consequence and why (i.e what big muscle is involved)

Answer 38

Animal will no longer be able to stand; due to loss of action of the quadriceps femoris (which acts to extend the stifle and flex the hip)

Question 39

What are the medial muscles of the thigh

Answer 39

Pectineus, sartorius, adductor, gracilis

Question 40

Origin and insertion of sartorius

Answer 40

Ilium -> medial stifle

Question 41

Innervation of sartorius

Answer 41

Femoral n

Question 42

Action of sartorius

Answer 42

Flex hip; extend stifle. abduct thigh

Question 43

Origin and insertion of pectineus

Answer 43

Pubic region -> medial stifle and calcaneus

Question 44

Innervation of pectineus

Answer 44

Obturator n

Question 45

Action of pectineus

Answer 45

Adduct limb

Question 46

Origin and insertion of adductor

Answer 46

Pelvis -> medial femur and stifle

Question 47

Action of adductor

Answer 47

Adduct limb

Question 48

Innervation of adductor

Answer 48

Obturator

Question 49

Origin and insertion of gracilis

Answer 49

Pelvic symphysis -> medial stifle and calcaneus

Question 50

Action of gracilis

Answer 50

Adduct limb; flex stifle; extend hip and hock

Question 51

What is the role of the deep muscles

Answer 51

Hip protectors; pull head of femur into joint

Question 52

What makes up the femoral triangle

Answer 52

Edge of aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique, sartorius, pectineus

Question 53

What animal has a bicipital bursa

Answer 53

Cow

Question 54

What special bursa does the cow have

Answer 54

Bicipital

Question 55

The hip joint is deep to which muscle

Answer 55

Middle gluteal

Question 56

The trochanteric bursa lies beneath which muscle and overtop which muscle

Answer 56

Accessory gluteal; deep gluteal

Question 57

What is the action of semimembranosus in sheep and why does it differ from dogs

Answer 57

In sheep, only a hip extensor; because it inserts on the middle of the femur instead of going down to insert on the tibia

Question 58

What is the muscle deep to biceps femoris

Answer 58

Caudal crural abductor

Question 59

What is the muscle unique to rabbits and cats

Answer 59

Cranial crural abductor