Muscles Hip to Stifle Flashcards
What are the lumbar muscles
Psoas major, psoas minor, iliacus, iliopsoas
Origin/insertion of psoas major
Lumbar vertebrae; lesser trochanter
Action of psoas major
Flex hip
Innervation of psoas major
Spinal nerves and femoral nerve
Origin/insertion of psoas minor
Thoracolumbar vertebrae; ilium
Action of psoas minor
Tilt pelvis
Innervation of psoas minor
Spinal nerves
Origin and insertion of iliacus
Wing of ilium and sacrum; lesser trochanter
Innervation of iliacus
Spinal nerves and femoral
What muscles form iliopsoas
Psoas major and iliacus
Function of iliopsoas
Flex hip
What muscles form the gluteal muscles
Superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, deep gluteal, tensor fascia latae, accessory gluteal (horse only)
Origin and insertion of superficial gluteal
Sacrum -> third trochanter (if present)
Innervation of SUPERFICIAL gluteal
Caudal gluteal n
Origin and insertion of middle gluteal
Ilium -> greater trochanter
Innervation of MIDDLE gluteal
Cranial gluteal n
Action of superficial, middle and deep gluteal
Hip extensors; abduct limb
Origin and insertion of tensor fascia latae
Tuber coxae -> fascia lata
Innervation of tensor fascia latae
Cranial gluteal n
Action of tensor fascia latae
Flex hip; extend stifle
What is fascia latae
The aponeurosis of tensor fascia latae
What is the insertion of the accessory gluteal
Cranial greater trochanter
What lubricates the passage of the accessory gluteal
Trochanteric bursa
What is the origin and insertion of the deep gluteal
Ischium -> greater trochanter
Innervation of deep gluteal
Cranial gluteal n
What makes up the hamstring aka caudal group of muscles
Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
Origin and insertion of biceps femoris
Ischial tuber and sacrotuberous ligament to a broad insertion on the fascia surrounding the stifle
Action of biceps femoris
Hip extensor (powerful); can flex or extend the stifle
What muscle is unique to sheep
Glutebiceps (superficial gluteal and biceps femoris fuse)
Origin and insertion of semimembranosus
Pelvis -> medial aspect of femur
Action of semimembranosus
Hip extensor
What muscle makes up the cranial/antigravity group of muscles
Quadriceps femoris
What muscles make up quadriceps femoris
Rectus femoris, vastus medius, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius
Action of quadriceps
Extend the stifle; rectus femoris also flexes the hip
Innervation of quadriceps
Femoral nerve
Origin and insertion of rectus femoris
Ilium -> tibial tuberosity
Origin and insertion of vastus medius/lateralis/intermedius
Proximal femur -> tibial tuberosity
If the femoral nerve is damaged, what is the consequence and why (i.e what big muscle is involved)
Animal will no longer be able to stand; due to loss of action of the quadriceps femoris (which acts to extend the stifle and flex the hip)
What are the medial muscles of the thigh
Pectineus, sartorius, adductor, gracilis
Origin and insertion of sartorius
Ilium -> medial stifle
Innervation of sartorius
Femoral n
Action of sartorius
Flex hip; extend stifle. abduct thigh
Origin and insertion of pectineus
Pubic region -> medial stifle and calcaneus
Innervation of pectineus
Obturator n
Action of pectineus
Adduct limb
Origin and insertion of adductor
Pelvis -> medial femur and stifle
Action of adductor
Adduct limb
Innervation of adductor
Obturator
Origin and insertion of gracilis
Pelvic symphysis -> medial stifle and calcaneus
Action of gracilis
Adduct limb; flex stifle; extend hip and hock
What is the role of the deep muscles
Hip protectors; pull head of femur into joint
What makes up the femoral triangle
Edge of aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique, sartorius, pectineus
What animal has a bicipital bursa
Cow
What special bursa does the cow have
Bicipital
The hip joint is deep to which muscle
Middle gluteal
The trochanteric bursa lies beneath which muscle and overtop which muscle
Accessory gluteal; deep gluteal
What is the action of semimembranosus in sheep and why does it differ from dogs
In sheep, only a hip extensor; because it inserts on the middle of the femur instead of going down to insert on the tibia
What is the muscle deep to biceps femoris
Caudal crural abductor
What is the muscle unique to rabbits and cats
Cranial crural abductor
