Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Veterinary Anatomy > Muscles Below the Stifle > Flashcards

Muscles Below the Stifle Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin(s) of the craniolateral group of crural muscles

A

Either the distal femur or proximal tibia/fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the insertions of the craniolateral group of crural muscles and their respective actions

A

Either on the metatarsals (flex the hock) or the phalanges (flex the hock and extend the digits)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the innervation of the craniolateral group of crural muscles

A

Common peroneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What arteries supply the craniolateral group of crural muscles

A

Cranial tibial and saphenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the origin(s) of the caudal group of crural muscles

A

Caudal aspect of the femur or proximal end of the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the insertions of the caudal group of crural muscles and their respective actions

A

Either on the calcaneus (extend the hock) or on the phalanges (extend the hock and flex the phalanges)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What innervates the caudal group of crural muscles

A

Tibial n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What supplies blood to the caudal group of crural muscles

A

Caudal tibial, saphenous, popliteal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Branches of which arteries supply the pes

A

Cranial tibial and caudal saphenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Origin of long digital extensor

A

Extensor fossa of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Insertion of long digital extensor

A

Extensor process of P3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Action of long digital extensor

A

Flex hock, extend digits, extend stifle (note: minimal extension of stifle since it crosses that joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Origin of lateral digital extensor

A

Head of fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Insertion of lateral digital extensor

A

P3 of lateral digit; fuses with tendon of long digital extensor in horses (they have no lateral digit)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Action of lateral digital extensor

A

Flex the hock; extend the digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The cranial tibial is a branch of what artery

A

Popliteal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is important about the long digital extensor in horses

A

Location of origin (extensor fossa) is important for the reciprocal apparatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is another function of the lateral digital extensor tendon

A

Abduct the digit (probably not functionally significant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is special about the lateral digital extensor in ruminants

A

Has a medial component (two tendons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What domestic species have cranial tibial

A

ALL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What domestic species have peroneus longus

A

All but horse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What domestic species have peroneus brevis

A

Dogs, cats, rabbits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What domestic species have peroneus tertius

A

Only large animals (ruminants and horse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is important about peroneus tertius in horse

A

It is a spring; runs from femur to metatarsus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Where does cranial tibial run
Tibia to metatarsus
26
Where does peroneus tertius run
Femur to metatarsus
27
In the horse, peroneus tertius is _____________
ligamentous
28
In the horse, cranial tibial is _______________
Fleshy
29
In ruminants, peroneus tertius is _____________
Fleshy
30
In ruminants, cranial tibial is ______________
Ligamentous
31
Action of cranial tibial
Flex hock
32
Action of peroneus longus
Flex hock
33
Action of peroneus brevis
Flex hock
34
Action of peroneus tertius
Flex hock
35
Describe the relationship of gastrocnemius to triceps surae
Gastrocnemius makes up 2 of the 3 heads of triceps surae
36
Action of triceps surae/gastrocnemius
Extend hock and some flexion of stifle (originate on femur)
37
What is the third head of the triceps
Soleus
38
Soleus is large in ________ and _____________
Cats and rabbits
39
Soleus is tiny in ____________ and ____________
horse and ruminants
40
Soleus is absent in ____________
Dogs
41
Action of soleus
Extend hock
42
Origin of superficial digital flexor
Above condyles of femur
43
Insertion of superficial digital flexor (multiple)
Sides of calcaneus (extend hock); to P1 and P2 (flexes digit)
44
Action of superficial digital flexor
Flex digits; extend hock
45
What main muscles merge in the common calcaneal tendon
Gastrocnemius; superficial digital flexor
46
What is the achilles tendon
Common calcaneal tendon
47
Insertion of gastrocnemius
Calcaneus
48
T/F the deep digital flexor has multiple bellies
T
49
Importance of sustentaculum tali
Creates a pulley surface on calcaneus for the DDFT
50
Action of popliteus
Flex stifle
51
What muscles contribute to the stay apparatus (from this section)
Peroneus tertius and SDF
52
What is an important consideration when clinically evaluating the integrity of the reciprocal apparatus in a horse
Due to the arrangement of the muscles and tendons of the stifle and hock, both must be flexed or extended together
53
What are the ligaments of the horse tarsus (4)
Short collateral, long collateral, long plantar, dorsal tarsal
54
What are the two bursae
Cunean and subtendinous calcaneal
55
Importance of retinacula
Fibrous thickenings in fascia that help to hold down tendons
56
The tibial nerve ends in what branches
Lateral/medial plantar, lateral/medial plantar metatarsal
57
What are the dorsal nerves on the hock and metatarsus
Continuations of the deep and superficial peroneal nerves
58
The suspensory ligament is a remnant of which muscle
Interosseus
59
The _______________ ligament gives off an ________________ branch that blends with the ____________________ tendon in horses
The SUSPENSORY ligament gives off an EXTENSOR branch that blends with the LONG DIGITAL EXTENSOR tendon in horses
60
What ligaments and bones are involved in bouncing off of the toes by forming a continuous spring
Suspensory ligament, proximal sesamoid bones, distal sesamoid ligaments
61
Where does the middle/oblique distal sesamoid ligament run
From the proximal sesamoid to P1
62
Where does the superficial/straight distal sesamoid ligament run
From the proximal sesamoid to P2
63
What connects both proximal sesamoid bones
Intersesamoidean ligament
64
What are the two other names for the intersesamoidean ligament
plantar sesamoidean ligament or scutum
65
what is the significance of the intersesamoidean ligament/ plantar sesamoidean ligament/ scutum
forms a groove for passage for SDFT and DDFT
66
What happens with the arrangement of the SDFT and DDFT at the fetlock
DDFT perforates the SDFT, so that the DDFT can insert on P3 (whereas SDFT inserts of P1/P2)
67
What is the insertion of DDFT (specific)
semilunar crest of P3
68
What ligaments exist at the pastern joint
Collateral, axial and abaxial (as well as insertions of the SDFT and superficial/straight distal sesamoidean ligament)
69
Where is the location of the distal navicular ligament
Between navicular bone and P3
70
Where is the location of the navicular bursa
Between DDFT and distal sesamoid (navicular bone)
71
What are the ligaments of the coffin joint
Collateral ligaments (of joint/of navicular bone); distal navicular ligament
72
What is the function of annular ligaments
Function like retinacula (keep tendons and ligaments in place)
73
What are the 3 annular ligaments (from proximal to distal direction)
plantar, proximal, distal

Veterinary Anatomy (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions