Muscle Tissue Flashcards
Single nucleus
Smooth muscle
Multiple nuclei
skeletal muscle
Visible striations
skeletal and cardiac muscle
No visible striations
smooth muscle
Voluntary
skeletal muscle
Involuntary
cardiac and smooth muscle
Muscle tissue has all of the following functions EXCEPT to help us:
protects organs like the brain
The term that refers to muscle’s ability to shorten is:
contractility
Muscle returns to its original length after stretching, so it is:
elastic
Because muscle responds to stimuli, we say it is:
excitable
The more movable attachment of a muscle to a bone is the:
insertion
The less movable attachment of a muscle to a bone is the:
origin
The least common way for a muscle to attach to a bone is through:
a direct attachment
Flattened sheets of connective tissue that connect muscles to bones or other muscles are called:
aponeuroses
True or False: Muscles are avascular and non-innervated.
False
The unit that extends from one Z disc to the next is the:
sarcomere
The thick filaments with heads are called
myosin
What initiates sliding of the filaments?
binding of Ca+2 to actin
What structure in muscle cells stores calcium?
sarcoplasmic reticulum
Transverse tubules are extensions of the:
sarcolemma
Which of these is part of the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
terminal cisterna
What part of a muscle shortens?
sarcomeres
True or False: As a muscle contracts, the actin and myosin myofilaments change length.
False
What causes actin and myosin to move past each other?
swiveling of myosin heads
Microscopic Structure of Skeletal Muscle Diagram
Look at homework on page 2
Contract quickly
fast glycolytic fibers
Contract slowly.
slow oxidative fibers
Get ATP from aerobic metabolism.
slow oxidative fibers
Get ATP from anaerobic glycolysis.
fast glycolytic fibers
Have lots of glycogen.
fast glycolytic fibers
Have lots of myoglobin.
slow oxidative fibers
Few capillaries.
fast glycolytic fibers
Lots of capillaries.
slow oxidative fibers
Resist fatigue.
slow oxidative fibers
Fatigue quickly.
fast glycolytic fibers
Pale in color.
fast glycolytic fibers
Red in color.
slow oxidative fibers
Larger diameter.
fast glycolytic fibers
Smaller diameter.
slow oxidative fibers
Less powerfull.
slow oxidative fibers
More powerful.
fast glycolytic fibers
Rapidly pumping weights
fast glycolytic fibers
Standing at attention for a long period of time
slow oxidative fibers
Walking at a moderate pace
fast oxidative fibers (intermediate)
Connected by intercalated discs
cardiac muscle
Each cell is innervated
skeletal muscle
Rhythmically contract without innervation
cardiac muscle
Located in internal organs and blood
vessels
smooth muscle
Cells are long cylinders that run length of organ
skeletal muscle
Cells form a branching network
cardiac muscle
Often arranged in circular and longitudinal layers
smooth muscle
Cells are connected by gap junctions
cardiac muscle and smooth muscle
Condition that occurs when muscle tissue is crushed, causing myoglobin to enter the bloodstream and clog the kidneys, resulting in kidney failure and ultimately heart failure.
Rhabdomyolysis
A chronic pain disorder of unknown origin with symptoms of severe musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep abnormalities, and headache. Not primarily caused by muscle problems.
Fibromyalgia
A condition in which tightened bands of muscle twitch, causing pain, when the skin over them is touched.
Myofascial pain syndrome
Decrease in muscle mass and strength that often occurs with age.
Sarcopenia
A group of inherited muscle-destroying diseases that generally appear in childhood; one form is due to the absence of the muscle protein dystropin, which links the muscle cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix.
Muscular dystrophy
