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Human Anatomy > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Which term is more general:

A

circulatory system

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2
Q

Which does NOT include the lymphatic system?

A

cardiovascular system

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3
Q

What is the blood volume of an average male?

A

5-6liters

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4
Q

What is the blood volume of an average female?

A

4-5 liters

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5
Q

What percentage of blood is plasma (on average)?

A

55%

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6
Q

What percentage of blood is erythrocytes (on average)?

A

45 %

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7
Q

What percentage of blood is white blood cells and platelets?

A

< 1%

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8
Q

If a patient has a hematocrit of 50%, is this high, low or normal?

A

high

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9
Q

What percentage of plasma is water?

A

90 %

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10
Q

Plasma is separated from blood cells by

A

centrifuging

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11
Q

Form blood clots

A

fibrinogen

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12
Q

Include circulating antibodies

A

globulins

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13
Q

Maintain osmotic pressure

A

albumins

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14
Q

Transport lipids, iron and copper

A

globulins

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15
Q

What plasma proteins do we have the most of?

A

albumins

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16
Q

Serum is blood plasma without the:

A

clotting factors

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17
Q

erythrocytes

A 
About 4-6 million/mm3
Shaped like a disc
7-8 μm in diameter
No nucleus
Survive for about 4 months
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18
Q

How does the absence of mitochondria in RBCs help them to perform their function?

A

This prevents the oxygen that is being transported by the RBC to be used up to supply the cell’s own needs.

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19
Q

General name for all white blood cells.

A

leukocyte

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20
Q

Primary location where WBCs function.

A

loose connective tissues

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21
Q

The process WBCs use to squeeze through the capillary wall to reach a site of infection or inflammation.

A

diapedesis

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22
Q

Leukocytes that contain granules in their cytoplasm.

A

granulocytes

23
Q

Leukocytes that do NOT contain granules in their cytoplasm.

A

agranulocytes

24
Q

What is the normal number of WBCs?

A

4,800-11,000 per cubic mm.

25
Q

What is the normal number of platelets?

A

150,000-500,000 per cubic mm.

26
Q

Another name for platelets is

A

thrombocytes

27
Q

Mount immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies.

A

lymphocyte

28
Q

Phagocytize bacteria; first to arrive at the scene of trauma.

A

neutrophil

29
Q

Phagocytosis of viruses, parasites and large cell fragments; develop into macrophages in tissues.

A

monocyte

30
Q

Release histamine and other mediators of inflammation.

A

basophil

31
Q

Turn off allergic responses and kill parasites.

A

eosinophil

32
Q

Seals small tears in blood vessels; instrumental in blood clotting.

A

platelet

33
Q

Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.

A

erythrocyte

34
Q

Number the following cell types from 1 to 4 to indicate the order in which they develop:

A

1 blood stem cell
2 erythroblast
3 reticulocyte
4 erythrocyte

35
Q

Which of the above develops in the bloodstream, rather than in bone marrow?

A

erythrocyte

36
Q

A chronic bleed might be indicated by in the blood:

A

more reticulocytes

37
Q

The cells that form platelets are (circle one):

A

megakaryocytes

38
Q

Platelets are of these precursor cells (circle one):

A

fragments

39
Q

Precursor cell of all three types of granulocytes.

A

myeloblast

40
Q

Precursor of the cell that forms platelets.

A

megakaryoblast

41
Q

Precursor of the cell that forms RBCs.

A

erythroblast

42
Q

Precursor of lymphocytes.

A

lymphoid stem cell

43
Q

Precursor of monocytes.

A

monoblast

44
Q

Stem cell that is the precursor of all the different types of formed elements.

A

blood stem cell

45
Q

Too few RBCs (less than 4 million/mm3)

A

anemia

46
Q

Too many RBCs (more than 6 million/mm3)

A

polycythemia

47
Q

Presence of less hemoglobin than normal or abnormal hemoglobin

A

anemia

48
Q

Too few platelets (less than 250,000/mm3)

A

thrombocytopenia

49
Q

Cancer of the WBCs

A

leukemia

50
Q

Inherited condition in which an abnormal hemoglobin causes RBCs to change shape

A

sickle cell disease

51
Q

Any abnormal mass carried freely in the bloodstream

A

embolus

52
Q

A clot that develops or persists in an intact blood vessel

A

thrombus

53
Q

Could result in excessive bleeding

A

thrombocytopenia

54
Q

Could cause a stroke of rapid onset.

A

embolus

Human Anatomy (18 decks)

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