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Human Anatomy > Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Composed of smooth muscle

A

tunica media

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2
Q

Composed of endothelium

A

tunica intima

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3
Q

Composed of connective tissue

A

tunica externa

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4
Q

Layer that forms valves

A

tunica intima

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5
Q

Anchors vessel to surrounding structures

A

tunica externa

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6
Q

Thicker in arteries than in veins

A

tunica media

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7
Q

The central space of a vessel (or other hollow organ) is the:

A

lumen

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8
Q

Carries blood towards the heart.

A

vein

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9
Q

Carries blood away from the heart.

A

artery

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10
Q

Connects arterioles and venules.

A

capillary

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11
Q

Wall consists of only a single layer of endothelium.

A

capillary

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12
Q

Has the thickest tunica media.

A

artery

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13
Q

The largest ones are the SVC and IVC.

A

vein

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14
Q

Has valves for one way flow.

A

vein

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15
Q

Allows exchange of gases and nutrients with surrounding tissues.

A

capillary

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16
Q

Small vessels whose tunica media have only one or two layers of smooth muscle cells, which carry blood to the capillary beds.

A

Arteriole

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17
Q

The largest arteries, which have a high elastin content in their tunica media.

A

Elastic artery

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18
Q

Middle-sized arteries that have a very thick tunica media relative to their diameter.

A

Muscular artery

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19
Q

The smallest veins, which function much like capillaries.

A

Venules

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20
Q

Small vessels that carry blood to and from the tunica externa of large arteries and veins.

A

Vasa vasorum

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21
Q

Vessels that conduct blood from the capillary bed towards the heart.

A

Veins

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22
Q

Places where vessels unite or interconnect, providing alternate pathways for blood flow.

A

Anastomoses

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23
Q

The most common type of capillary; found in most organs, skeletal muscles, the skin and brain.

A

Continuous capillaries

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24
Q

The most permeable capillaries, which are found in the bone marrow, spleen and liver.

A

Sinusoids

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25
Q

Capillaries that have pores spanning the endothelial cell; found in the small intestines and glomeruli of kidneys.

A

Fenestrated capillaries

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26
Q

The ring of smooth muscle fibers that wraps around the root of each true capillary is a:

A

precapillary sphincter

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27
Q

How do molecules pass in and out of capillaries?

A

a. by direct diffusion through endothelial cells
b. through intercellular clefts
c. through pinocytotic vesicles and caveolae
d. through fenestrations
e. ushered through by selective transport mechanisms

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28
Q

Which TWO of the above allow molecules through capillaries of the blood-brain barrier?

A

by direct diffusion through endothelial cells, ushered through by selective transport mechanisms

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29
Q

Blood vessels traveling from the heart to the lungs and back make up the circulation.

A

pulmonary

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30
Q

Which of the following is NOT part of the systemic circulation?

A

lung capillaries

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31
Q

Which vessels carry oxygenated blood?

A

systemic arteries, pulmonary veins

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32
Q

Three vessels that carry blood towards the cerebral arterial circle.

A

Basilar artery, Internal carotid a., Vertebral artery

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33
Q

Ring of vessels around base of brain; sometimes called the Circle of Willis.

A

Cerebral arterial circle

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34
Q

Travels up the neck through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae.

A

Vertebral artery

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35
Q

Forms from the junction of the two vertebral arteries.

A

Basilar artery

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36
Q

Carries blood to the anterior part of the cerebral arterial circle.

A

Internal carotid a.

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37
Q

Supplies blood to the structures external to the skull.

A

External carotid a.

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38
Q

These carry blood from the brain to the internal jugular vein.

A

Dural sinuses

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39
Q

The “main brain drain”; primary vessel that carries blood away from the brain.

A

Internal jugular v.

40
Q

Drains blood from the structures external to the skull.

A

External jugular v.

41
Q

The brachiocephalic vein on each side begins when this vessel joins with the internal jugular vein.

A

Subclavian vein

42
Q

First vessel to branch off the abdominal aorta.

A

Celiac trunk

43
Q

Carries deoxygenated blood away from the liver.

A

Hepatic vein

44
Q

Supplies oxygenated blood to the liver.

A

Common hepatic a.

45
Q

Carries nutrient-rich blood from digestive organs into the lower side of the liver.

A

Hepatic portal vein

46
Q

Supplies the spleen, stomach and pancreas with blood.

A

Splenic artery

47
Q

Supplies the stomach and lower esophagus with blood.

A

Left gastric artery

48
Q

Supplies the last half of the large intestine with blood.

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

49
Q

Supplies the small intestine and first half of the large intestine with blood.

A

Superior mesenteric artery

50
Q

Drains blood from the small intestine and first half of the large intestine.

A

Superior mesenteric vein

51
Q

Drains blood from the last half of the large intestine.

A

Inferior mesenteric vein

52
Q

Joins with superior mesenteric vein to form the hepatic portal vein.

A

Splenic vein

53
Q

Which of these are part of the hepatic portal circulation?

A

Hepatic portal vein, Inferior mesenteric vein, Splenic vein, Superior mesenteric vein

54
Q

Blood is transported to the placenta by the:

A

umbilical arteries

55
Q

Fetal blood is oxygenated by the:

A

placenta

56
Q

Which of these is in or near the liver?

A

ductus venosus

57
Q

Which of these shunts blood from the right side of the heart to the left, bypassing the lungs?

A

foramen ovale

58
Q

Which of these connects the pulmonary trunk and the aorta in the fetal circulation?

A

ductus arteriosus

59
Q

The ligamentum teres in the adult liver is a remnant of the:

A

umbilical vein

60
Q

What color would the umbilical veins be?

A

red

61
Q

Medial forearm

A

Ulnar artery

62
Q

Lateral forearm

A

Radial artery

63
Q

Biceps brachii muscle

A

Brachial artery

64
Q

Quadriceps muscle group

A

Femoral artery

65
Q

Gastrocnemius muscle

A

Posterior tibial artery

66
Q

Tibialis anterior muscle

A

Anterior tibial artery

67
Q

Scalp and muscle of head

A

External carotid artery

68
Q

Brain

A

Internal carotid artery

69
Q

Stomach and lower esophagus

A

Left gastric artery

70
Q

Pelvic walls, bladder and rectum

A

Internal iliac artery

71
Q

Liver

A

Hepatic artery (proper)

72
Q

Small intestine

A

Superior mesenteric a.

73
Q

Last half of large intestine

A

Inferior mesenteric a.

74
Q

Kidney

A

Renal artery

75
Q

Skin on lateral surface of arm

A

Cephalic vein

76
Q

Skin on medial surface of arm

A

Basilic vein

77
Q

Muscle and bone of lateral forearm

A

Radial vein

78
Q

Muscle and bone of medial forearm

A

Ulnar vein

79
Q

Brain

A

Internal jugular vein

80
Q

Scalp and muscle of head

A

External jugular vein

81
Q

Testes or ovaries

A

Gonadal vein

82
Q

First half of large intestine

A

Superior mesenteric vein

83
Q

Drains out of liver

A

Hepatic veins

84
Q

Spleen

A

Splenic vein

85
Q

Skin of medial leg

A

Great saphenous vein

86
Q

Anterior thigh

A

Femoral vein

87
Q

Which of the following statements are TRUE of arteries?

A

are lined with simple squamous epithelium, carry blood away from the heart

88
Q

All of the following statements are true of capillaries EXCEPT:

A

They have valves to make sure blood flows in one direction only.

89
Q

Which vessel is more anterior?

A

external carotid artery

90
Q

Which vessel does the external jugular vein drain into?

A

subclavian vein

91
Q

The SVC forms when which two vessels combine?

A

left and right brachiocephalic veins

92
Q

Which vessel is located to the anatomical right?

A

IVC

93
Q

After passing through the diaphragm, the first vessel to exit the abdominal aorta is the:

A

celiac trunk

94
Q

All of the following are branches of the celiac trunk EXCEPT the:

A

renal artery

95
Q

Which statement is NOT true of hepatic portal circulation?

A

hepatic portal vein transports blood from the liver to the heart.

96
Q

The hepatic portal vein begins when the and combine.

A

splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein

97
Q

What fetal vessel runs from the placenta to the ductus venosus?

A

umbilical vein

Human Anatomy (18 decks)

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