Blood Vessels Flashcards
Composed of smooth muscle
tunica media
Composed of endothelium
tunica intima
Composed of connective tissue
tunica externa
Layer that forms valves
tunica intima
Anchors vessel to surrounding structures
tunica externa
Thicker in arteries than in veins
tunica media
The central space of a vessel (or other hollow organ) is the:
lumen
Carries blood towards the heart.
vein
Carries blood away from the heart.
artery
Connects arterioles and venules.
capillary
Wall consists of only a single layer of endothelium.
capillary
Has the thickest tunica media.
artery
The largest ones are the SVC and IVC.
vein
Has valves for one way flow.
vein
Allows exchange of gases and nutrients with surrounding tissues.
capillary
Small vessels whose tunica media have only one or two layers of smooth muscle cells, which carry blood to the capillary beds.
Arteriole
The largest arteries, which have a high elastin content in their tunica media.
Elastic artery
Middle-sized arteries that have a very thick tunica media relative to their diameter.
Muscular artery
The smallest veins, which function much like capillaries.
Venules
Small vessels that carry blood to and from the tunica externa of large arteries and veins.
Vasa vasorum
Vessels that conduct blood from the capillary bed towards the heart.
Veins
Places where vessels unite or interconnect, providing alternate pathways for blood flow.
Anastomoses
The most common type of capillary; found in most organs, skeletal muscles, the skin and brain.
Continuous capillaries
The most permeable capillaries, which are found in the bone marrow, spleen and liver.
Sinusoids
Capillaries that have pores spanning the endothelial cell; found in the small intestines and glomeruli of kidneys.
Fenestrated capillaries
The ring of smooth muscle fibers that wraps around the root of each true capillary is a:
precapillary sphincter
How do molecules pass in and out of capillaries?
a. by direct diffusion through endothelial cells
b. through intercellular clefts
c. through pinocytotic vesicles and caveolae
d. through fenestrations
e. ushered through by selective transport mechanisms
Which TWO of the above allow molecules through capillaries of the blood-brain barrier?
by direct diffusion through endothelial cells, ushered through by selective transport mechanisms
Blood vessels traveling from the heart to the lungs and back make up the circulation.
pulmonary
Which of the following is NOT part of the systemic circulation?
lung capillaries
Which vessels carry oxygenated blood?
systemic arteries, pulmonary veins
Three vessels that carry blood towards the cerebral arterial circle.
Basilar artery, Internal carotid a., Vertebral artery
Ring of vessels around base of brain; sometimes called the Circle of Willis.
Cerebral arterial circle
Travels up the neck through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae.
Vertebral artery
Forms from the junction of the two vertebral arteries.
Basilar artery
Carries blood to the anterior part of the cerebral arterial circle.
Internal carotid a.
Supplies blood to the structures external to the skull.
External carotid a.
These carry blood from the brain to the internal jugular vein.
Dural sinuses