Multiple gestation Flashcards
3 reasons for increased global rates of multiple gestation
Assisted fertility
Advanced maternal age
Maternal family history
Classification of multiple gestation x4
Number of fetuses
Number of eggs fertilized
Number of placentas
Number of amniotic cavities
Define bipaternization
2 eggs released during ovulation but fertilized at different times during two or more acts of sexual intercourse
Cleavage at morula stage results in which type of twins
Dichorionic diamniotic
Cleavage at blastocyst stage results in which type of twins
Monochorionic diamniotic
Cleavage at implant stage results in which type of twins
Monochorionic monoamniotic
Cleavage after formed embryonic disc results in which type of twins
Conjoined twins
Biological risk factors of multiple gestation x4
Previous multiple gestation
Advanced maternal age
Family history
African american race
Artificial risk factors of multiple gestation x2
Ovulation stimulating medicines
Assisted reproductive technologies
Importance of USS in multiple gestation x5
- Diagnose number of multiples, chorionicity and amniocity
- Nuchal translucency test
- Early growth discordance
- Early grading and treatment of TTTS
- Detection of malformations
- Detect position of multiples
Describe nuchal translucency test
Measures thickness of amniotic fluid build up behind the nuchal fold
Rules out conditions such as Down’s syndrome
6 maternal complication of multiple gestation
Anemia
APH, PPH
HTN disorders
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Preterm labor
Prolonged labor
Fetal complications of multiple gestation x7
IUGR
TTTS
Hydrops fetalis
Prematurity
Conjoined twins
Vanishing twins
Cord entanglement
Feature of donor in TTTS x3
Oligohydramnios
Anemia
IUGR
Feature of recipient in TTTS x5
Polyhydramnios
Polycythemia
Pulmonary edema
Cardiomegaly
Hydrops fetalis
